{"id":623,"date":"2023-06-12T12:17:05","date_gmt":"2023-06-12T06:47:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/?p=623"},"modified":"2024-05-14T05:27:45","modified_gmt":"2024-05-13T23:57:45","slug":"introduction-to-c-programming-lab-manual-for-vtu-besck104e-204e","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/introduction-to-c-programming-lab-manual-for-vtu-besck104e-204e\/","title":{"rendered":"Introduction to C Programming Lab Manual for VTU (BESCK104E\/204E)"},"content":{"rendered":"

In this blog post, you will find solutions for the Introduction to C Programming Lab Manual (BESCK104E\/204E)<\/strong> course work for the I<\/strong> year students of VTU<\/strong> university. The academic syllabus has been changed for the year 2022-23 in\u00a0VTU<\/a>. A new subject has been introduced titled \u201cIntroduction to C Programming<\/a><\/strong>\u201d (Sub Code:\u00a0BESCK104E\/204E<\/strong>) for first year students of\u00a0VTU<\/a>. This subject has an integrated lab component. Anybody can contribute and re-share this manual as it is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License<\/a>. Also note the same subject is part of the autonomous curriculum at Siddaganga Institute of technology with code ESCO5<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

All the programs have been compiled using the GNU\u00a0GCC<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0compiler version\u00a09.4.0 and has been tested on\u00a0Ubuntu 22.04.4 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish)<\/a>\u00a0 64-bit Kernel Linux 5.15.0-56-generic.<\/p>\n

These programs can run on any GNU\/Linux Operating system or any other OS with GCC installed.<\/p>\n

GCC compiler can be obtained from\u00a0here<\/a>. A nice tutorial is provided\u00a0here<\/a>\u00a0to get started with GCC.<\/p>\n

If you find the command line difficult to handle and looking for an GUI based IDE to work with, the best choice is\u00a0Code::Blocks<\/a>. Code::Blocks uses the GNU GCC compiler collection. Two other good IDEs that you can try or Eclipse and Anjuta. I have provided links to this IDEs below you can click and download the necessary software and instructions to set up a working environment.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Code::Blocks<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Anjuta DevStudio<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. Eclipse IDE for C\/C++<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    After getting the necessary development environment setup, Now lets focus on the solutions. You can go to the appropriate program by clicking on the links below.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Question 01 – <\/span>Mechanical Energy of a Particle<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
    2. Question 02 – Distance Conversion<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
    3. Question 03 – Check Character case<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
    4. Question 04 – Balancing Chemical Equation<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
    5. Question 05 – Matrix Multiplication<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
    6. Question 06 – Compute Sine and Cosine of an Angle<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
    7. Question 07 – Bubble Sort<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
    8. Question 08 – String Operations<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
    9. Question 09 – C Structures<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
    10. Question 10 – Pointers and Arrays<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n

      Question 1 <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      Mechanical Energy of a Particle<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      Write a C Program to find Mechanical Energy of a particle using E = mgh+1\/2 mv2<\/sup>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      C Code<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
      \/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*File\t\t\t: A01MechEnergy.c<\/span><\/span>\n*Description\t: C Program to find Mechanical Energy of a particle using E = mgh+1\/2 mv2.<\/span><\/span>\n*Author\t\t: Prabodh C P<\/span><\/span>\n*Compiler\t\t: gcc compiler, Ubuntu 22.04<\/span><\/span>\n*Date\t\t\t: 02 December 2022<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>stdio.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>stdlib.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>math.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nconst<\/span> <\/span>double<\/span> ACCL_GRAV <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>9.806<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*Function\t\t\t: \tmain<\/span><\/span>\n*Input parameters\t:\tno parameters<\/span><\/span>\n*RETURNS\t\t\t:\t0 on success<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nint <\/span>main<\/span>()<\/span><\/span>\n{<\/span><\/span>\n\tdouble dMass, dHeight, dVelocity;<\/span><\/span>\n\tdouble dPotEng, dKinEng, dEng;<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>*************************************************************"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>*<\/span>\\t<\/span>Program to find Mechanical Energy of a body<\/span>\\t<\/span>    *<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"*************************************************************"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Enter the mass (in kg) of the body: "<\/span>); <\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%lf"<\/span>, <\/span>&<\/span>dMass);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Enter the height (in metres) of the body: "<\/span>); <\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%lf"<\/span>, <\/span>&<\/span>dHeight);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Enter the velocity (in meters per second) of the body: "<\/span>); <\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%lf"<\/span>, <\/span>&<\/span>dVelocity);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\tdPotEng <\/span>=<\/span> dMass <\/span>*<\/span> <\/span>ACCL_GRAV<\/span> <\/span>*<\/span> dHeight;<\/span><\/span>\n\tdKinEng <\/span>=<\/span> dMass <\/span>*<\/span> dVelocity <\/span>*<\/span> dVelocity\t<\/span>\/<\/span> <\/span>2<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n\tdEng <\/span>=<\/span> dPotEng <\/span>+<\/span> dKinEng;<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Potential energy associated with the body is %0.3lf Joules<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>, dPotEng);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Kinetic energy associated with the body is %0.3lf Joules<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>, dKinEng);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Total energy associated with the body is %0.3lf Joules<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>, dEng);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span>;\t\t<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n<\/span>\n<\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
      Output<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
      *************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*<\/span>\tProgram to find Mechanical Energy <\/span>of<\/span> a body\t    <\/span>*<\/span><\/span>\n*************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\nEnter the <\/span>mass<\/span> (<\/span>in<\/span> kg) <\/span>of<\/span> the <\/span>body<\/span>: <\/span>80<\/span>   <\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter the <\/span>height<\/span> (<\/span>in<\/span> metres) <\/span>of<\/span> the <\/span>body<\/span>: <\/span>10<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter the <\/span>velocity<\/span> (<\/span>in<\/span> meters per second) <\/span>of<\/span> the <\/span>body<\/span>: <\/span>10<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nPotential energy associated <\/span>with<\/span> the body is <\/span>7844.800<\/span> Joules<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nKinetic energy associated <\/span>with<\/span> the body is <\/span>4000.000<\/span> Joules<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nTotal energy associated <\/span>with<\/span> the body is <\/span>11844.800<\/span> Joules<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n*************************************************************<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      Question 2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      Distance Conversion<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      Develop a C Program to convert Kilometers into Meters and Centimeters.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      C Code<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
      \/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*File\t\t\t: A02DistConvert.c<\/span><\/span>\n*Description\t: Program to convert Kilometers into Meters and Centimeters.<\/span><\/span>\n*Author\t\t\t: Prabodh C P<\/span><\/span>\n*Compiler\t\t: gcc compiler, Ubuntu 22.04<\/span><\/span>\n*Date\t\t\t: 02 December 2022<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>stdio.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>stdlib.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>math.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n\/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*Function\t\t\t: \tmain<\/span><\/span>\n*Input parameters\t:\tno parameters<\/span><\/span>\n*RETURNS\t\t\t:\t0 on success<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\nint <\/span>main<\/span>(<\/span>void<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n{<\/span><\/span>\n\tdouble dDistKm, dDistMtr, dDistCm;<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>*************************************************************"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>*<\/span>\\t<\/span>Program to convert Kilometers into Meters and Centimeters<\/span>\\t<\/span>    *<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"*************************************************************"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Enter the distance in kilometers : "<\/span>);\t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%lf"<\/span>,<\/span>&<\/span>dDistKm);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\tdDistMtr <\/span>=<\/span> dDistKm <\/span>*<\/span> <\/span>1000<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n\tdDistCm <\/span>=<\/span> dDistMtr <\/span>*<\/span> <\/span>100<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>The distance entered in kilometers is : %0.3lf <\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>, dDistKm);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Equivalent distance in meters is : %0.3lf <\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>, dDistMtr);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Equivalent distance in centimeters is : %0.3lf <\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>, dDistCm);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
      Output<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
      ***********************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*<\/span>\tProgram to convert Kilometers into Meters and Centimeters\t    <\/span>*<\/span><\/span>\n***********************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\nEnter the distance <\/span>in<\/span> <\/span>kilometers<\/span> : <\/span>63<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nThe distance entered <\/span>in<\/span> kilometers <\/span>is<\/span> : <\/span>63.000<\/span> <\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEquivalent distance <\/span>in<\/span> meters <\/span>is<\/span> : <\/span>63000.000<\/span> <\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEquivalent distance <\/span>in<\/span> centimeters <\/span>is<\/span> : <\/span>6300000.000<\/span> <\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n***********************************************************************<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      Question 3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      Check Character case<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      Write a C program To Check the Given Character is Lowercase or Uppercase or Special Character.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      C Code<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
      \/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*File\t\t\t: A03CheckCharacter.c<\/span><\/span>\n*Description\t: Program to check the given character is Lowercase or Uppercase or Special character.<\/span><\/span>\n*Author\t\t: Prabodh C P<\/span><\/span>\n*Compiler\t\t: gcc compiler, Ubuntu 22.04<\/span><\/span>\n*Date\t\t\t: 10 August 2022<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>stdio.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>stdlib.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n\/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*Function\t\t: \tmain<\/span><\/span>\n*Input parameters\t:\tno parameters<\/span><\/span>\n*RETURNS\t\t:\t0 on success<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\nint <\/span>main<\/span>(<\/span>void<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n{<\/span><\/span>\n\tchar cChar;<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Enter a character to be checked : "<\/span>); \t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%c"<\/span>, <\/span>&<\/span>cChar);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>if<\/span>(cChar <\/span>>=<\/span> <\/span>'a'<\/span> <\/span>&&<\/span> cChar <\/span><=<\/span> <\/span>'z'<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>The character entered is a lower case character<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t}<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>else<\/span> <\/span>if<\/span>(cChar <\/span>>=<\/span> <\/span>'A'<\/span> <\/span>&&<\/span> cChar <\/span><=<\/span> <\/span>'Z'<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>The character entered is a upper case character<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t}<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>else<\/span> <\/span>if<\/span>(cChar <\/span>>=<\/span> <\/span>'0'<\/span> <\/span>&&<\/span> cChar <\/span><=<\/span> <\/span>'9'<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>The character entered is a digit<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t}<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>else<\/span><\/span>\n\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>The character entered is a special character<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t}<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
      Output<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
      ***************************************<\/span><\/span>\nEnter a character to be <\/span>checked<\/span> : <\/span>1<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nThe character entered is a digit<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter a character to be <\/span>checked<\/span> : #<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nThe character entered is a special character<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter a character to be <\/span>checked<\/span> : s<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nThe character entered is a lower <\/span>case<\/span> character<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter a character to be <\/span>checked<\/span> : <\/span>S<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nThe character entered is a upper <\/span>case<\/span> character<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      Question 4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      Balancing Chemical Equation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      Write a C program to balance the given Chemical Equation values x, y, p, q of a simple chemical equation of the type: The task is to find the values of constants b1, b2, b3 such that the equation is balanced on both sides and it must be the reduced form. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      Generic Chemical Equation Form b1<\/sub> \u2217 Ax<\/sub> + b2<\/sub> \u2217 By<\/sub> \u21d2 b3<\/sub> (Ap<\/sub> Bq<\/sub>)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      C Code<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
      \/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*File\t\t\t: A04BalanceChemEqn.c<\/span><\/span>\n*Description\t: Program to balance the given Chemical Equation <\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\tof the form  b1*Ax + b2*By ==> b3(ApBq)<\/span><\/span>\n*Author\t\t\t: Prabodh C P<\/span><\/span>\n*Compiler\t\t: gcc compiler, Ubuntu 22.04<\/span><\/span>\n*Date\t\t\t: 26 December 2022<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>stdio.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>stdlib.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nint <\/span>fnGCD<\/span>(int, int );<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*Function\t\t: \tmain<\/span><\/span>\n*Input parameters\t:\tno parameters<\/span><\/span>\n*RETURNS\t\t:\t0 on success<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\nint <\/span>main<\/span>(<\/span>void<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n{<\/span><\/span>\n\tint x, y, p, q;<\/span><\/span>\n\tint b1, b2, b3;<\/span><\/span>\n\tint iCommDivisor;<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"Enter the atomocity(x) of Element1 : "<\/span>); \t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%d"<\/span>, <\/span>&<\/span>x);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"Enter the atomocity(y) of Element2 : "<\/span>); \t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%d"<\/span>, <\/span>&<\/span>y);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"Enter the atomocity(p) of Element1 in the compound : "<\/span>); \t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%d"<\/span>, <\/span>&<\/span>p);\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"Enter the atomocity(q) of Element2 in the compound : "<\/span>); \t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%d"<\/span>, <\/span>&<\/span>q);\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span><\/span>\n\tb1 <\/span>=<\/span> p <\/span>*<\/span> y;<\/span><\/span>\n\tb2 <\/span>=<\/span> q <\/span>*<\/span> x;<\/span><\/span>\n\tb3 <\/span>=<\/span> x <\/span>*<\/span> y;<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>\/\/if b1, b2 and b3 together have a greatest common divisor divide each one by that greatest common divisor <\/span><\/span>\n\tiCommDivisor <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>fnGCD<\/span>(b1,b2);<\/span><\/span>\n\tiCommDivisor <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>fnGCD<\/span>(b3, iCommDivisor);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\tb1 <\/span>=<\/span> b1 <\/span>\/<\/span> iCommDivisor;<\/span><\/span>\n\tb2 <\/span>=<\/span> b2 <\/span>\/<\/span> iCommDivisor;<\/span><\/span>\n\tb3 <\/span>=<\/span> b3 <\/span>\/<\/span> iCommDivisor;<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>x = %d<\/span>\\t<\/span>y = %d<\/span>\\t<\/span>p = %d<\/span>\\t<\/span>q = %d<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>, x, y, p, q);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>b1 = %d<\/span>\\t<\/span>b2 = %d<\/span>\\t<\/span>b3 = %d<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>, b1, b2,b3);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Balanced Equation is now :<\/span>\\n\\t<\/span>%d*%d + %d*%d ==> %d(%d,%d)<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>, b1,x,b2,y,b3,p,q);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span><\/span>\n\/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*Function\t\t: \tfnGCD<\/span><\/span>\n*Description\t:\tfunction to calculate GCD of two numbers<\/span><\/span>\n*Input parameters\t:\tiVal1 - non-negative integer<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tiVal2 - non-negative integer<\/span><\/span>\n*RETURNS\t\t:\tgreatest common divisor of iVal1 and iVal2<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\nint <\/span>fnGCD<\/span>(int iVal1, int iVal2)<\/span><\/span>\n{<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>if<\/span> (<\/span>0<\/span> <\/span>==<\/span> iVal2)<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>return<\/span> iVal1;<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>fnGCD<\/span>(iVal2, iVal1 <\/span>%<\/span> iVal2);<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
      Output<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
      ***************************************<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter the <\/span>atomocity<\/span>(x) <\/span>of<\/span> <\/span>Element1<\/span> : <\/span>2<\/span><\/span>\nEnter the <\/span>atomocity<\/span>(y) <\/span>of<\/span> <\/span>Element2<\/span> : <\/span>2<\/span><\/span>\nEnter the <\/span>atomocity<\/span>(p) <\/span>of<\/span> Element1 <\/span>in<\/span> the <\/span>compound<\/span> : <\/span>2<\/span><\/span>\nEnter the <\/span>atomocity<\/span>(q) <\/span>of<\/span> Element2 <\/span>in<\/span> the <\/span>compound<\/span> : <\/span>1<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nx <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>2<\/span>\ty <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>2<\/span>\tp <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>2<\/span>\tq <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>1<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nb1 <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>2<\/span>\tb2 <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>1<\/span>\tb3 <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>2<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nBalanced Equation is <\/span>now<\/span> :<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>2<\/span>*<\/span>2<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>1<\/span>*<\/span>2<\/span> <\/span>==><\/span> <\/span>2<\/span>(<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter the <\/span>atomocity<\/span>(x) <\/span>of<\/span> <\/span>Element1<\/span> : <\/span>2<\/span><\/span>\nEnter the <\/span>atomocity<\/span>(y) <\/span>of<\/span> <\/span>Element2<\/span> : <\/span>3<\/span><\/span>\nEnter the <\/span>atomocity<\/span>(p) <\/span>of<\/span> Element1 <\/span>in<\/span> the <\/span>compound<\/span> : <\/span>4<\/span><\/span>\nEnter the <\/span>atomocity<\/span>(q) <\/span>of<\/span> Element2 <\/span>in<\/span> the <\/span>compound<\/span> : <\/span>5<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nx <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>2<\/span>\ty <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>3<\/span>\tp <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>4<\/span>\tq <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>5<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nb1 <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>6<\/span>\tb2 <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>5<\/span>\tb3 <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>3<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nBalanced Equation is <\/span>now<\/span> :<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>6<\/span>*<\/span>2<\/span> <\/span>+<\/span> <\/span>5<\/span>*<\/span>3<\/span> <\/span>==><\/span> <\/span>3<\/span>(<\/span>4<\/span>,<\/span>5<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n***************************************<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      Question 5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      Matrix Multiplication<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      Write a C program to implement Matrix multiplication and validate the rules of multiplication.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      C Code<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
      \/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*File\t\t\t: A05MatrixMul.c<\/span><\/span>\n*Description\t: Program to implement Matrix Multiplication<\/span><\/span>\n*Author\t\t: Prabodh C P<\/span><\/span>\n*Compiler\t\t: gcc compiler, Ubuntu 22.04<\/span><\/span>\n*Date\t\t\t: 10 August 2022<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>stdio.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>stdlib.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*Function\t\t\t: \tmain<\/span><\/span>\n*Input parameters\t:\tno parameters<\/span><\/span>\n*RETURNS\t\t\t:\t0 on success<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nint <\/span>main<\/span>(<\/span>void<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n{<\/span><\/span>\n\tint iM, iN, iP, iQ, i, j, k, iaMat1[<\/span>10<\/span>][<\/span>10<\/span>], iaMat2[<\/span>10<\/span>][<\/span>10<\/span>];<\/span><\/span>\n\tint iaProd[<\/span>10<\/span>][<\/span>10<\/span>] <\/span>=<\/span> {<\/span>0<\/span>};<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>*********************************************************"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>*<\/span>\\t<\/span>PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT MATRIX MULIPLICATION<\/span>\\t<\/span>*<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"*********************************************************"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Enter the order of Matrix1<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%d%d"<\/span>,<\/span>&<\/span>iM,<\/span>&<\/span>iN);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Enter the order of Matrix2<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%d%d"<\/span>,<\/span>&<\/span>iP,<\/span>&<\/span>iQ);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>if<\/span>( iN <\/span>!=<\/span> iP)<\/span><\/span>\n\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Matrix Multiplication not possible<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>exit<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t}<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Enter the elements of Matrix 1<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>for<\/span>(i<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>;i<\/span><<\/span>iM;i<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>for<\/span>(j<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>;j<\/span><<\/span>iN;j<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%d"<\/span>,<\/span>&<\/span>iaMat1[i][j]);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Enter the elements of Matrix 2<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>for<\/span>(i<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>;i<\/span><<\/span>iP;i<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>for<\/span>(j<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>;j<\/span><<\/span>iQ;j<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%d"<\/span>,<\/span>&<\/span>iaMat2[i][j]);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>for<\/span>(i<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>;i<\/span><<\/span>iM;i<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>for<\/span>(j<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>;j<\/span><<\/span>iQ;j<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/span>for<\/span>(k<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>;k<\/span><<\/span>iN;k<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\tiaProd[i][j] <\/span>+=<\/span> iaMat1[i][k] <\/span>*<\/span> iaMat2[k][j];<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t}<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t}<\/span><\/span>\n\t}<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\/**************************************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n\t         |*|\t         |*|<\/span><\/span>\na00  a01  a02|*|b00  b01  b02|*|<\/span><\/span>\n\t         |*|\t         |*|<\/span><\/span>\na10  a11  a12|*|b10  b11  b12|*|<\/span><\/span>\n\t         |*|\t         |*|<\/span><\/span>\na20  a21  a22|*|b20  b21  b22|*|<\/span><\/span>\n\t         |*|\t         |*|<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n(a00*b00+a01*b10+a02*b20) (a00*b01+a01*b11+a02*b21) (a00*b02+a01*b12+a02*b22)<\/span><\/span>\n(a10*b00+a11*b10+a12*b20) (a10*b01+a11*b11+a12*b21) (a10*b02+a11*b12+a12*b22)<\/span><\/span>\n(a20*b00+a21*b10+a22*b20) (a20*b01+a21*b11+a22*b21) (a20*b02+a21*b12+a22*b22)<\/span><\/span>\n**************************************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Matrix 1<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>for<\/span>(i<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>;i<\/span><<\/span>iM;i<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>for<\/span>(j<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>;j<\/span><<\/span>iN;j<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"%d<\/span>\\t<\/span>"<\/span>,iaMat1[i][j]);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t}<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t}<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Matrix 2<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>for<\/span>(i<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>;i<\/span><<\/span>iP;i<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>for<\/span>(j<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>;j<\/span><<\/span>iQ;j<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"%d<\/span>\\t<\/span>"<\/span>,iaMat2[i][j]);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t}<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t}<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>The Product matrix is is <\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>for<\/span>(i<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>;i<\/span><<\/span>iM;i<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>for<\/span>(j<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>;j<\/span><<\/span>iQ;j<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"%d<\/span>\\t<\/span>"<\/span>,iaProd[i][j]);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t}<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t}<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
      Output<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
      *********************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*<\/span>\t<\/span>PROGRAM<\/span> <\/span>TO<\/span> <\/span>IMPLEMENT<\/span> <\/span>MATRIX<\/span> <\/span>MULIPLICATION<\/span>\t<\/span>*<\/span><\/span>\n*********************************************************<\/span><\/span>\nEnter the order <\/span>of<\/span> Matrix1<\/span><\/span>\n2<\/span> <\/span>3<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter the order <\/span>of<\/span> Matrix2<\/span><\/span>\n4<\/span> <\/span>5<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nMatrix Multiplication not possible<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n*********************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*<\/span>\t<\/span>PROGRAM<\/span> <\/span>TO<\/span> <\/span>IMPLEMENT<\/span> <\/span>MATRIX<\/span> <\/span>MULIPLICATION<\/span>\t<\/span>*<\/span><\/span>\n*********************************************************<\/span><\/span>\nEnter the order <\/span>of<\/span> Matrix1<\/span><\/span>\n2<\/span> <\/span>3<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter the order <\/span>of<\/span> Matrix2<\/span><\/span>\n3<\/span> <\/span>2<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter the elements <\/span>of<\/span> Matrix <\/span>1<\/span><\/span>\n1<\/span> <\/span>2<\/span> <\/span>3<\/span><\/span>\n4<\/span> <\/span>5<\/span> <\/span>6<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter the elements <\/span>of<\/span> Matrix <\/span>2<\/span><\/span>\n1<\/span> <\/span>2<\/span><\/span>\n3<\/span> <\/span>4<\/span><\/span>\n5<\/span> <\/span>6<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nMatrix <\/span>1<\/span><\/span>\n1<\/span>\t<\/span>2<\/span>\t<\/span>3<\/span>\t<\/span><\/span>\n4<\/span>\t<\/span>5<\/span>\t<\/span>6<\/span>\t<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nMatrix <\/span>2<\/span><\/span>\n1<\/span>\t<\/span>2<\/span>\t<\/span><\/span>\n3<\/span>\t<\/span>4<\/span>\t<\/span><\/span>\n5<\/span>\t<\/span>6<\/span>\t<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nThe Product matrix is is <\/span><\/span>\n22<\/span>\t<\/span>28<\/span>\t<\/span><\/span>\n49<\/span>\t<\/span>64<\/span>\t<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n*********************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*<\/span>\t<\/span>PROGRAM<\/span> <\/span>TO<\/span> <\/span>IMPLEMENT<\/span> <\/span>MATRIX<\/span> <\/span>MULIPLICATION<\/span>\t<\/span>*<\/span><\/span>\n*********************************************************<\/span><\/span>\nEnter the order <\/span>of<\/span> Matrix1<\/span><\/span>\n2<\/span> <\/span>2<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter the order <\/span>of<\/span> Matrix2<\/span><\/span>\n2<\/span> <\/span>2<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter the elements <\/span>of<\/span> Matrix <\/span>1<\/span><\/span>\n1<\/span> <\/span>2<\/span> <\/span><\/span>\n3<\/span> <\/span>4<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter the elements <\/span>of<\/span> Matrix <\/span>2<\/span><\/span>\n1<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span><\/span>\n0<\/span> <\/span>1<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nMatrix <\/span>1<\/span><\/span>\n1<\/span>\t<\/span>2<\/span>\t<\/span><\/span>\n3<\/span>\t<\/span>4<\/span>\t<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nMatrix <\/span>2<\/span><\/span>\n1<\/span>\t<\/span>0<\/span>\t<\/span><\/span>\n0<\/span>\t<\/span>1<\/span>\t<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nThe Product matrix is is <\/span><\/span>\n1<\/span>\t<\/span>2<\/span>\t<\/span><\/span>\n3<\/span>\t<\/span>4<\/span>\t<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      Question 6<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      Compute Sine and Cosine of an Angle<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      Write a C program to compute sin(x)\/cos(x) using Taylor series approximation. Compare your result with the built-in library function. Print both the results with appropriate inferences.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      C Code<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
      \/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*File\t\t\t: A06SineCosAngle.c<\/span><\/span>\n*Description\t: Program to calculate Sin(x)\/Cos(x) using Taylor series<\/span><\/span>\n*Author\t\t: Prabodh C P<\/span><\/span>\n*Compiler\t\t: gcc compiler, Ubuntu 22.04<\/span><\/span>\n*Date\t\t\t: 10 August 2022<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>stdio.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>stdlib.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n#include <\/span><<\/span>math.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n\/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*Function\t\t\t: \tmain<\/span><\/span>\n*Input parameters\t:\tno parameters<\/span><\/span>\n*RETURNS\t\t\t:\t0 on success<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\nint <\/span>main<\/span>()<\/span><\/span>\n{<\/span><\/span>\n\tfloat fAngD, fAngR;<\/span><\/span>\n\tfloat fTerm, fNum, fDen, fSVal,fCVal;<\/span><\/span>\n\tint i,iNum;<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Enter the Angle : "<\/span>);\t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%f"<\/span>,<\/span>&<\/span>fAngD);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Enter the Number of terms : "<\/span>);\t\t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%d"<\/span>,<\/span>&<\/span>iNum);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Input Angle = %g<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>,fAngD);\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"No of terms = %d<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>,iNum);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\tfAngR<\/span>=<\/span> (fAngD<\/span>*<\/span>M_PI<\/span>)<\/span>\/<\/span>180<\/span> ;<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>\/\/Calculation of Sine of an angle using Taylor's series<\/span><\/span>\n\tfNum<\/span>=<\/span>fAngR;<\/span><\/span>\n\tfDen<\/span>=<\/span>1.0<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n\tfSVal <\/span>=<\/span>0.0<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n\tfTerm<\/span>=<\/span>fNum<\/span>\/<\/span>fDen;<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>for<\/span>(i<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span>;i<\/span><=<\/span>iNum;i<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\tfSVal <\/span>=<\/span> fSVal <\/span>+<\/span> fTerm;<\/span><\/span>\n\t\tfNum <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>-<\/span>fNum <\/span>*<\/span> fAngR <\/span>*<\/span> fAngR ;<\/span><\/span>\n\t\tfDen <\/span>=<\/span> fDen <\/span>*<\/span> (<\/span>2<\/span>*<\/span>i) <\/span>*<\/span> (<\/span>2<\/span>*<\/span>i<\/span>+<\/span>1<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\tfTerm <\/span>=<\/span> fNum<\/span>\/<\/span>fDen;<\/span><\/span>\n\t}<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>\/\/Calculation of Cosine of an angle using Taylor's series<\/span><\/span>\n\tfNum<\/span>=<\/span>1.0<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n\tfDen<\/span>=<\/span>1.0<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n\tfCVal <\/span>=<\/span>0.0<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n\tfTerm<\/span>=<\/span>1.0<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>for<\/span>(i<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span>;i<\/span><=<\/span>iNum;i<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\tfCVal <\/span>=<\/span> fCVal <\/span>+<\/span> fTerm;<\/span><\/span>\n\t\tfNum <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>-<\/span>fNum <\/span>*<\/span> fAngR <\/span>*<\/span> fAngR ;<\/span><\/span>\n\t\tfDen <\/span>=<\/span> fDen <\/span>*<\/span> (<\/span>2<\/span>*<\/span>i) <\/span>*<\/span> (<\/span>2<\/span>*<\/span>i<\/span>-<\/span>1<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\tfTerm <\/span>=<\/span> fNum<\/span>\/<\/span>fDen;<\/span><\/span>\n\t}<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Calculated value is :<\/span>\\n<\/span>Sin(%g)\/Cos(%g) = %g<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>,fAngD, fAngD, fSVal<\/span>\/<\/span>fCVal);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Built In function value is :<\/span>\\n<\/span>Sin(%g)\/Cos(%g) = %g<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>, fAngD, fAngD, <\/span>sin<\/span>(fAngR)<\/span>\/<\/span>cos<\/span>(fAngR));<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
      Output<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
      ***************************************<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter the <\/span>Angle<\/span> : <\/span>60<\/span><\/span>\nEnter the Number <\/span>of<\/span> <\/span>terms<\/span> : <\/span>12<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nInput Angle <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>60<\/span>\tNo <\/span>of<\/span> terms <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>12<\/span><\/span>\nCalculated value <\/span>is<\/span> :<\/span><\/span>\nSin<\/span>(<\/span>60<\/span>)<\/span>\/<\/span>Cos<\/span>(<\/span>60<\/span>) <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>1.73205<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nBuilt In <\/span>function<\/span> <\/span>value<\/span> <\/span>is<\/span> :<\/span><\/span>\nSin<\/span>(60)\/<\/span>Cos<\/span>(60) = 1.73205<\/span><\/span>\n=========================================<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter<\/span> <\/span>the<\/span> <\/span>Angle<\/span> : 30<\/span><\/span>\nEnter<\/span> <\/span>the<\/span> <\/span>Number<\/span> <\/span>of<\/span> <\/span>terms<\/span> : 3<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nInput<\/span> <\/span>Angle<\/span> = 30\t<\/span>No<\/span> <\/span>of<\/span> <\/span>terms<\/span> = 3<\/span><\/span>\nCalculated<\/span> <\/span>value<\/span> <\/span>is<\/span> :<\/span><\/span>\nSin<\/span>(30)\/<\/span>Cos<\/span>(30) = 0.577334<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nBuilt<\/span> <\/span>In<\/span> <\/span>function<\/span> <\/span>value<\/span> <\/span>is<\/span> :<\/span><\/span>\nSin<\/span>(30)\/<\/span>Cos<\/span>(30) = 0.57735<\/span><\/span>\n=========================================<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter<\/span> <\/span>the<\/span> <\/span>Angle<\/span> : 45<\/span><\/span>\nEnter<\/span> <\/span>the<\/span> <\/span>Number<\/span> <\/span>of<\/span> <\/span>terms<\/span> : 11<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nInput<\/span> <\/span>Angle<\/span> = 45\t<\/span>No<\/span> <\/span>of<\/span> <\/span>terms<\/span> = 11<\/span><\/span>\nCalculated<\/span> <\/span>value<\/span> <\/span>is<\/span> :<\/span><\/span>\nSin<\/span>(45)\/<\/span>Cos<\/span>(45) = 1<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nBuilt<\/span> <\/span>In<\/span> <\/span>function<\/span> <\/span>value<\/span> <\/span>is<\/span> :<\/span><\/span>\nSin<\/span>(45)\/<\/span>Cos<\/span>(45) = 1<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      Question 7<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      Bubble Sort<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      Write a C program to sort the given set of N numbers using Bubble sort.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      C Code<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
      \/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*File\t\t\t: A07BubbleSort.c<\/span><\/span>\n*Description\t: Program to implement Bubble Sort Algorithm<\/span><\/span>\n*Author\t\t\t: Prabodh C P<\/span><\/span>\n*Compiler\t\t: gcc compiler, Ubuntu 22.04<\/span><\/span>\n*Date\t\t\t: 10 August 2022<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>stdio.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>stdlib.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*Function\t\t\t: \tmain<\/span><\/span>\n*Input parameters\t:\tno parameters<\/span><\/span>\n*RETURNS\t\t\t:\t0 on success<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nint <\/span>main<\/span>(<\/span>void<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n{<\/span><\/span>\n\tint iNum, i, j, iaArr[<\/span>10<\/span>], iTemp;<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>*************************************************"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>*<\/span>\\t<\/span>PROGRAM TO IMPLEMENT BUBBLE SORT<\/span>\\t<\/span>*<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"*************************************************"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Enter no of elements<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%d"<\/span>,<\/span>&<\/span>iNum);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Enter the elements<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>for<\/span>(i<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>;i<\/span><<\/span>iNum;i<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%d"<\/span>,<\/span>&<\/span>iaArr[i]);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>for<\/span>(i<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>;i<\/span><<\/span>iNum;i<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>for<\/span>(j<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>;j<\/span><<\/span>iNum<\/span>-<\/span>i<\/span>-<\/span>1<\/span>;j<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/span>if<\/span>(iaArr[j] <\/span>><\/span> iaArr[j<\/span>+<\/span>1<\/span>])<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\tiTemp <\/span>=<\/span> iaArr[j];<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\tiaArr[j] <\/span>=<\/span> iaArr[j<\/span>+<\/span>1<\/span>];<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\tiaArr[j<\/span>+<\/span>1<\/span>] <\/span>=<\/span> iTemp;<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t}<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\/*Code to show the program trace*\/<\/span>\t\t<\/span><\/span>\n\/*\t\t\tprintf("\\nIteration i=%d, j=%d\\n",i,j);*\/<\/span><\/span>\n\/*\t\t\tfor(k=0;k<iNum;k++)*\/<\/span><\/span>\n\/*\t\t\t\tprintf("%d\\t",iaArr[k]);*\/<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t}<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t}<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>The Sorted array is <\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>for<\/span>(i<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>;i<\/span><<\/span>iNum;i<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"%d<\/span>\\t<\/span>"<\/span>,iaArr[i]);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
      Output<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
      *************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*<\/span>\t<\/span>PROGRAM<\/span> <\/span>TO<\/span> <\/span>IMPLEMENT<\/span> <\/span>BUBBLE<\/span> <\/span>SORT<\/span>\t<\/span>*<\/span><\/span>\n*************************************************<\/span><\/span>\nEnter no <\/span>of<\/span> elements<\/span><\/span>\n5<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter the elements<\/span><\/span>\n2<\/span> <\/span>1<\/span> <\/span>6<\/span> <\/span>5<\/span> <\/span>7<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nThe Sorted array is <\/span><\/span>\n1<\/span>\t<\/span>2<\/span>\t<\/span>5<\/span>\t<\/span>6<\/span>\t<\/span>7<\/span>\t<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n*************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*<\/span>\t<\/span>PROGRAM<\/span> <\/span>TO<\/span> <\/span>IMPLEMENT<\/span> <\/span>BUBBLE<\/span> <\/span>SORT<\/span>\t<\/span>*<\/span><\/span>\n*************************************************<\/span><\/span>\nEnter no <\/span>of<\/span> elements<\/span><\/span>\n6<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter the elements<\/span><\/span>\n9<\/span> <\/span>7<\/span> <\/span>5<\/span> <\/span>3<\/span> <\/span>1<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nThe Sorted array is <\/span><\/span>\n0<\/span>\t<\/span>1<\/span>\t<\/span>3<\/span>\t<\/span>5<\/span>\t<\/span>7<\/span>\t<\/span>9<\/span>\t<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
      Question 8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      String Operations<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      Write functions to implement string operations such as compare, concatenate, string length. Convince the parameter passing techniques.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      C Code<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
      \/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*File\t\t\t: A08StringFunctions.c<\/span><\/span>\n*Description\t: Program to implement string operations as functions<\/span><\/span>\n*Author\t\t: Prabodh C P<\/span><\/span>\n*Compiler\t\t: gcc compiler, Ubuntu 22.04<\/span><\/span>\n*Date\t\t\t: 10 August 2022<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>stdio.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>stdlib.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nint <\/span>fnMyStrCmp<\/span>(const char<\/span>*<\/span>, const char<\/span>*<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\nvoid<\/span> <\/span>fnMyStrCat<\/span>(char<\/span>*<\/span>, const char<\/span>*<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\nint <\/span>fnMyStrLen<\/span>(const char<\/span>*<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*Function\t\t: \tmain<\/span><\/span>\n*Input parameters\t:\tno parameters<\/span><\/span>\n*RETURNS\t\t:\t0 on success<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nint <\/span>main<\/span>()<\/span><\/span>\n{<\/span><\/span>\n\tint iChoice;<\/span><\/span>\n\tchar acStr1[<\/span>30<\/span>], acStr2[<\/span>30<\/span>];<\/span><\/span>\n\tint iLen;<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>=====================<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"STRING OPERATIONS"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>=====================<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>for<\/span>(;;)<\/span><\/span>\n\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Enter two strings<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>String 1 : "<\/span>); \t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%s"<\/span>, acStr1);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>String 2 : "<\/span>); \t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%s"<\/span>, acStr2);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>1.String Compare<\/span>\\n<\/span>2.String Concatenate<\/span>\\n<\/span>3.String Length"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Enter your choice : "<\/span>);\t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%d"<\/span>, <\/span>&<\/span>iChoice);\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>switch<\/span>(iChoice)<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/span>case<\/span> <\/span>1<\/span>: <\/span>if<\/span>(<\/span>fnMyStrCmp<\/span>(acStr1, acStr2) <\/span>==<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Two strings are equal"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>else<\/span> <\/span>if<\/span>(<\/span>fnMyStrCmp<\/span>(acStr1, acStr2) <\/span>><\/span> <\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>String %s is greater than String %s"<\/span>, acStr1, acStr2);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>else<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>String %s is greater than String %s"<\/span>, acStr2, acStr1);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>break<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/span>case<\/span> <\/span>2<\/span>:\t<\/span>fnMyStrCat<\/span>(acStr1, acStr2);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Concatenated String is<\/span>\\n<\/span>%s"<\/span>, acStr1);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>break<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/span>case<\/span> <\/span>3<\/span>:\tiLen <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>fnMyStrLen<\/span>(acStr1);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Length of String %s is %d<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>, acStr1, iLen);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\tiLen <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>fnMyStrLen<\/span>(acStr2);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Length of String %s is %d<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>, acStr2, iLen);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>break<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t}<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Press 1 to continue and 0 to quit : "<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%d"<\/span>, <\/span>&<\/span>iChoice);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>if<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>==<\/span>iChoice)<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/span>break<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t}<\/span><\/span>\n\t}<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span>;\t\t<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*Function\t\t\t: fnMyStrCmp<\/span><\/span>\n*Description\t\t: Function that compares the two strings s1 and s2.  <\/span><\/span>\n*Input parameters\t:<\/span><\/span>\n*\t\tconst char *s1, const char *s2 - two strings to be compared<\/span><\/span>\n*RETURNS\t\t:<\/span><\/span>\n*\t1 if s1 is greater than s2.<\/span><\/span>\n*\t0 if s1 matches s2.<\/span><\/span>\n*\t-1 if s1 is less than s2.<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nint <\/span>fnMyStrCmp<\/span>(const char <\/span>*<\/span>s1, const char <\/span>*<\/span>s2)<\/span><\/span>\n{<\/span><\/span>\n\tint k;<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>for<\/span>(k<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>; s1[k] <\/span>==<\/span> s2[k] <\/span>&&<\/span> s1[k]<\/span>!=<\/span>'<\/span>\\0<\/span>'<\/span>&&<\/span> s2[k]<\/span>!=<\/span>'<\/span>\\0<\/span>'<\/span>; k<\/span>++<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\t<\/span>if<\/span>( k<\/span>==<\/span>(<\/span>fnMyStrLen<\/span>(s1)) <\/span>&&<\/span> k<\/span>==<\/span>(<\/span>fnMyStrLen<\/span>(s2)) )\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n\t}<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>else<\/span> <\/span>if<\/span>(s1[k] <\/span>><\/span> s2[k])\t\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>1<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n\t}<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>else<\/span> \t<\/span><\/span>\n\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>-<\/span>1<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n\t}\t<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*Function\t\t\t: fnMyStrCat<\/span><\/span>\n*Description\t\t: function that appends the src string to the dest string<\/span><\/span>\n*Input parameters\t:<\/span><\/span>\n*\t\tchar *dest - first string <\/span><\/span>\n*\t\tconst char *src - second string<\/span><\/span>\n*RETURNS\t\t\t: nothing<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nvoid<\/span> <\/span>fnMyStrCat<\/span>(char <\/span>*<\/span>dest, const char <\/span>*<\/span>src)<\/span><\/span>\n{<\/span><\/span>\n\tint dest_len, i;<\/span><\/span>\n\tdest_len <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>fnMyStrLen<\/span>(dest);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>for<\/span> (i <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span> ; src[i] <\/span>!=<\/span> <\/span>'<\/span>\\0<\/span>'<\/span> ; i<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t\tdest[dest_len <\/span>+<\/span> i] <\/span>=<\/span> src[i];<\/span><\/span>\n\tdest[dest_len <\/span>+<\/span> i] <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>'<\/span>\\0<\/span>'<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*Function\t\t\t: fnMyStrLen<\/span><\/span>\n*Description\t\t: function that calculates the length of a string<\/span><\/span>\n*Input parameters\t:<\/span><\/span>\n*\t\tconst char *str - string whose length needs to be found<\/span><\/span>\n*RETURNS\t\t\t: <\/span><\/span>\n*\tinteger which is the length of the string<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nint <\/span>fnMyStrLen<\/span>(const char <\/span>*<\/span>str)<\/span><\/span>\n{<\/span><\/span>\n\tint iLen;<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>for<\/span>(iLen<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>; str[iLen] <\/span>!=<\/span> <\/span>'<\/span>\\0<\/span>'<\/span>; iLen<\/span>++<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>return<\/span> iLen;<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
      Output<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
      ***************************************<\/span><\/span>\n=====================<\/span><\/span>\nSTRING<\/span> <\/span>OPERATIONS<\/span><\/span>\n=====================<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter two strings<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nString <\/span>1<\/span> : shiva <\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nString <\/span>2<\/span> : shankar<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n1.String Compare<\/span><\/span>\n2.String Concatenate<\/span><\/span>\n3.String Length<\/span><\/span>\nEnter your <\/span>choice<\/span> : <\/span>2<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nConcatenated String is<\/span><\/span>\nshivashankar<\/span><\/span>\nPress <\/span>1<\/span> to <\/span>continue<\/span> <\/span>and<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span> to <\/span>quit<\/span> : <\/span>1<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter two strings<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nString <\/span>1<\/span> : ramesh<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nString <\/span>2<\/span> : sumesh<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n1.String Compare<\/span><\/span>\n2.String Concatenate<\/span><\/span>\n3.String Length<\/span><\/span>\nEnter your <\/span>choice<\/span> : <\/span>1<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nString sumesh is greater than String ramesh<\/span><\/span>\nPress <\/span>1<\/span> to <\/span>continue<\/span> <\/span>and<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span> to <\/span>quit<\/span> : <\/span>1<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter two strings<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nString <\/span>1<\/span> : sam<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nString <\/span>2<\/span> : samantha<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n1.String Compare<\/span><\/span>\n2.String Concatenate<\/span><\/span>\n3.String Length<\/span><\/span>\nEnter your <\/span>choice<\/span> : <\/span>3<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nLength <\/span>of<\/span> String sam is <\/span>3<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nLength <\/span>of<\/span> String samantha is <\/span>8<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nPress <\/span>1<\/span> to <\/span>continue<\/span> <\/span>and<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span> to <\/span>quit<\/span> : <\/span>0<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
      \n\n\n\n
      Question 9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      C Structures<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      Write a C program to implement structures to read, write and compute average marks and the students scoring above and below the average marks for a class of N students.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      C Code<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
      \/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*File\t\t\t: A09StudentStructure.c<\/span><\/span>\n*Description\t: Program to implement structure and compute average marks<\/span><\/span>\n*Author\t\t: Prabodh C P<\/span><\/span>\n*Compiler\t\t: gcc compiler, Ubuntu 22.04<\/span><\/span>\n*Date\t\t\t: 10 August 2022<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>stdio.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>stdlib.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n#define <\/span>STRSIZE<\/span> <\/span>30<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\ntypedef struct<\/span><\/span>\n{<\/span><\/span>\n\tchar cName[<\/span>STRSIZE<\/span>];<\/span><\/span>\n\tchar cUSN[<\/span>11<\/span>];<\/span><\/span>\n\tint iMarks;<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span>STUDENT_TYPE<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n\/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*Function\t\t\t: \tmain<\/span><\/span>\n*Input parameters\t:\tno parameters<\/span><\/span>\n*RETURNS\t\t\t:\t0 on success<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nint <\/span>main<\/span>(<\/span>void<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n{<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>STUDENT_TYPE<\/span> students[<\/span>100<\/span>];<\/span><\/span>\n\tint iNum, i;<\/span><\/span>\n\tdouble dAvg <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>0.0<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Enter the number of students : "<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%d"<\/span>, <\/span>&<\/span>iNum);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Enter the Student details<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>for<\/span>(i<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>;i<\/span><<\/span>iNum;i<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>###############################"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Name : "<\/span>); \t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%s"<\/span>, students[i].cName);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>USN : "<\/span>); \t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%s"<\/span>, students[i].cUSN);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Marks : "<\/span>); \t<\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%d"<\/span>, <\/span>&<\/span>students[i].iMarks);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\tdAvg <\/span>+=<\/span> students[i].iMarks;<\/span><\/span>\n\t}<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span><\/span>\n\tdAvg <\/span>\/=<\/span> iNum;<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>The average marks for the class is : %g<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>, dAvg);<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>for<\/span>(i<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>;i<\/span><<\/span>iNum;i<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n\t{<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>###############################"<\/span>);\t\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Name<\/span>\\t<\/span>: %s"<\/span>, students[i].cName);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>USN<\/span>\\t<\/span>: %s"<\/span>, students[i].cUSN);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Marks<\/span>\\t<\/span>: %d"<\/span>, students[i].iMarks);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>if<\/span>(students[i].iMarks <\/span><<\/span> dAvg)<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>The student has scored below average<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>else<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>The student has scored above average<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n\t}<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
      Output<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
      ***************************************<\/span><\/span>\nEnter the number <\/span>of<\/span> <\/span>students<\/span> : <\/span>4<\/span><\/span>\nEnter the Student details<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n=========================================<\/span><\/span>\nName<\/span> : Raju<\/span><\/span>\nUSN<\/span> : 1<\/span>SI17CS036<\/span><\/span>\nMarks<\/span> : <\/span>67<\/span><\/span>\n=========================================<\/span><\/span>\nName<\/span> : Michael<\/span><\/span>\nUSN<\/span> : 1<\/span>SI17CS045<\/span><\/span>\nMarks<\/span> : <\/span>87<\/span><\/span>\n=========================================<\/span><\/span>\nName<\/span> : Sahana<\/span><\/span>\nUSN<\/span> : 1<\/span>SI17CS405<\/span><\/span>\nMarks<\/span> : <\/span>77<\/span><\/span>\n=========================================<\/span><\/span>\nName<\/span> : Jonathan<\/span><\/span>\nUSN<\/span> : 1<\/span>SI17CS025<\/span><\/span>\nMarks<\/span> : <\/span>83<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nThe average marks for the <\/span>class<\/span> <\/span>is<\/span> : 78.5<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n=========================================<\/span><\/span>\nName<\/span>\t: <\/span>Raju<\/span><\/span>\nUSN<\/span>\t: 1<\/span>SI17CS036<\/span><\/span>\nMarks<\/span>\t: 67<\/span><\/span>\nThe<\/span> <\/span>student<\/span> <\/span>has<\/span> <\/span>scored<\/span> <\/span>below<\/span> <\/span>average<\/span><\/span>\n=========================================<\/span><\/span>\nName<\/span>\t: <\/span>Michael<\/span><\/span>\nUSN<\/span>\t: 1<\/span>SI17CS045<\/span><\/span>\nMarks<\/span>\t: 87<\/span><\/span>\nThe<\/span> <\/span>student<\/span> <\/span>has<\/span> <\/span>scored<\/span> <\/span>above<\/span> <\/span>average<\/span><\/span>\n=========================================<\/span><\/span>\nName<\/span>\t: <\/span>Sahana<\/span><\/span>\nUSN<\/span>\t: 1<\/span>SI17CS405<\/span><\/span>\nMarks<\/span>\t: 77<\/span><\/span>\nThe<\/span> <\/span>student<\/span> <\/span>has<\/span> <\/span>scored<\/span> <\/span>below<\/span> <\/span>average<\/span><\/span>\n=========================================<\/span><\/span>\nName<\/span>\t: <\/span>Jonathan<\/span><\/span>\nUSN<\/span>\t: 1<\/span>SI17CS025<\/span><\/span>\nMarks<\/span>\t: 83<\/span><\/span>\nThe<\/span> <\/span>student<\/span> <\/span>has<\/span> <\/span>scored<\/span> <\/span>above<\/span> <\/span>average<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
      Question 10<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      Pointers and Arrays<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      Develop a C program using pointers to compute the sum,mean and standard deviation of all elements stored in an array of N real numbers.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      C Code<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
      \/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*File\t\t\t: A10MeanVarianceSD.c<\/span><\/span>\n*Description\t: Program to compute Mean, Variance and Standard Deviation<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\tusing pointer to an array<\/span><\/span>\n*Author\t\t: Prabodh C P<\/span><\/span>\n*Compiler\t\t: gcc compiler, Ubuntu 22.04<\/span><\/span>\n*Date\t\t\t: 10 August 2022<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>stdio.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>stdlib.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n#include<\/span><<\/span>math.h<\/span>><\/span><\/span>\n\/***************************************************************************<\/span><\/span>\n*Function\t\t\t: \tmain<\/span><\/span>\n*Input parameters\t:\tno parameters<\/span><\/span>\n*RETURNS\t\t\t:\t0 on success<\/span><\/span>\n***************************************************************************\/<\/span><\/span>\nint <\/span>main<\/span>(<\/span>void<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n{<\/span><\/span>\n    int i,iNum;<\/span><\/span>\n    float fMean <\/span>=<\/span> 0.0f, fVariance <\/span>=<\/span> 0.0f, fSd <\/span>=<\/span> 0.0f,faArray[<\/span>100<\/span>],fSum<\/span>=<\/span>0.0f;<\/span><\/span>\n    float <\/span>*<\/span>fptr;<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n    <\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Enter the number of Values : "<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%d"<\/span>,<\/span>&<\/span>iNum);<\/span><\/span>\n    fptr <\/span>=<\/span> faArray; <\/span><\/span>\n\/*    fptr = (float*)malloc(iNum*sizeof(float));*\/<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>Enter %d values<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>, iNum);<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>for<\/span>(i<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>; i<\/span><<\/span>iNum; i<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n    {<\/span><\/span>\n        <\/span>scanf<\/span>(<\/span>"%f"<\/span>,fptr<\/span>+<\/span>i);<\/span><\/span>\n        fSum <\/span>+=<\/span> <\/span>*<\/span>(fptr<\/span>+<\/span>i);\t\t<\/span>\/\/fSum += fptr[i]; this is also valid<\/span><\/span>\n    }<\/span><\/span>\n    fMean <\/span>=<\/span> fSum<\/span>\/<\/span>iNum;<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n    <\/span>for<\/span>(i<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>; i<\/span><<\/span>iNum; i<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n    {<\/span><\/span>\n        fVariance <\/span>+=<\/span> (fptr[i] <\/span>-<\/span> fMean)<\/span>*<\/span>(fptr[i] <\/span>-<\/span> fMean);<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\/\/fVariance += (*(fptr+i) - fMean)*(*(fptr+i) - fMean);<\/span><\/span>\n    }<\/span><\/span>\n    fVariance <\/span>\/=<\/span> iNum;<\/span><\/span>\n    fSd <\/span>=<\/span> <\/span>sqrt<\/span>(fVariance);<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>The values entered are"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>for<\/span>(i<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>; i<\/span><<\/span>iNum; i<\/span>++<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\n    {<\/span><\/span>\n        <\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\t<\/span>%g"<\/span>,fptr[i]);        <\/span>\/\/printf("\\n\\t%f",*(fptr+i));<\/span><\/span>\n    }<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n    <\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>**************************************<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\t<\/span>Sum<\/span>\\t<\/span> = <\/span>\\t<\/span>%g<\/span>\\n\\t<\/span>Mean<\/span>\\t<\/span> = <\/span>\\t<\/span>%g<\/span>\\n\\t<\/span>Variance = <\/span>\\t<\/span>%g<\/span>\\n<\/span>Standard Deviation = <\/span>\\t<\/span>%g"<\/span>,fSum,fMean,fVariance,fSd);<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>printf<\/span>(<\/span>"<\/span>\\n<\/span>**************************************<\/span>\\n<\/span>"<\/span>);<\/span><\/span>\n    <\/span>return<\/span> <\/span>0<\/span>;<\/span><\/span>\n}<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
      Output<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      <\/circle><\/circle><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><\/path><\/path><\/svg><\/span>
      ***************************************<\/span><\/span>\nEnter the number <\/span>of<\/span> <\/span>Values<\/span> : <\/span>4<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter <\/span>4<\/span> values<\/span><\/span>\n1.1<\/span> <\/span>2.2<\/span> <\/span>3.3<\/span> <\/span>4.4<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nThe values entered are\t<\/span>1.1<\/span>\t<\/span>2.2<\/span>\t<\/span>3.3<\/span>\t<\/span>4.4<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n**************************************<\/span><\/span>\n\tSum\t <\/span>=<\/span> \t<\/span>11<\/span><\/span>\n\tMean\t <\/span>=<\/span> \t<\/span>2.75<\/span><\/span>\n\tVariance <\/span>=<\/span> \t<\/span>1.5125<\/span><\/span>\nStandard Deviation <\/span>=<\/span> \t<\/span>1.22984<\/span><\/span>\n**************************************<\/span><\/span>\n============================================================<\/span><\/span>\nEnter the number <\/span>of<\/span> <\/span>Values<\/span> : <\/span>5<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nEnter <\/span>5<\/span> values<\/span><\/span>\n5.345<\/span> <\/span>6.765<\/span> <\/span>7.234<\/span> <\/span>8.675<\/span> <\/span>9.765<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\nThe values entered are\t<\/span>5.345<\/span>\t<\/span>6.765<\/span>\t<\/span>7.234<\/span>\t<\/span>8.675<\/span>\t<\/span>9.765<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span>\n**************************************<\/span><\/span>\n\tSum\t <\/span>=<\/span> \t<\/span>37.784<\/span><\/span>\n\tMean\t <\/span>=<\/span> \t<\/span>7.5568<\/span><\/span>\n\tVariance <\/span>=<\/span> \t<\/span>2.34995<\/span><\/span>\nStandard Deviation <\/span>=<\/span> \t<\/span>1.53295<\/span><\/span>\n**************************************<\/span><\/span>\n<\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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      VTU Lab Manuals using FOSS<\/a><\/blockquote>