{"id":1616,"date":"2024-01-19T00:59:46","date_gmt":"2024-01-18T19:29:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/?p=1616"},"modified":"2024-05-13T23:35:05","modified_gmt":"2024-05-13T18:05:05","slug":"c-programming-lab-solution-manual-for-vtu-21csl582-21cbl584","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/c-programming-lab-solution-manual-for-vtu-21csl582-21cbl584\/","title":{"rendered":"C# Programming Lab Solution Manual for VTU (21CSL582\/ 21CBL584)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">In this blog post, you will find solutions for the laboratory subject <strong>C# Programming Lab (21CSL582\/ 21CBL584)<\/strong> course work for the V semester of <strong>VTU<\/strong> university. The solutions to the lab component are coded in <strong>C#<\/strong>.   Along with the C# programs for each question I have provided samples of program output as well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">To setup the necessary developer environment for executing C# programs on the Ubuntu 22.04 platform refer to the following blog.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-myblogosphere wp-block-embed-myblogosphere\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"kI4pCEwAfx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/setting-up-c-development-environment-on-ubuntu-22-04\/\">Setting up C# Development Environment on Ubuntu 22.04<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content lazyload\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Setting up C# Development Environment on Ubuntu 22.04&#8221; &#8212; MyBlogosphere\" data-src=\"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/setting-up-c-development-environment-on-ubuntu-22-04\/embed\/#?secret=th79zt3KGc#?secret=kI4pCEwAfx\" data-secret=\"kI4pCEwAfx\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-load-mode=\"1\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Syllabus<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>You can find the lab syllabus here.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/21CSL582_21CBL584.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"Embed of 21CSL582_21CBL584.\"><\/object><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-49e50981-a499-406d-aad4-13f28385b260\" href=\"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/21CSL582_21CBL584.pdf\">21CSL582_21CBL584<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/21CSL582_21CBL584.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-49e50981-a499-406d-aad4-13f28385b260\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Now lets focus on the solutions. Click on the appropriate hyperlink to go to your program of choice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#P01\" title=\"\">Arithmetic Operations<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P02\" title=\"String Operations\">Armstrong Number<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P03\" title=\"Stack of Integers \">Substrings in a given string<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P04\" title=\"Infix to Postfix Conversion \">Exception Demo<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P05\" title=\"Stack Applications\">Pascal Triangle<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P06\" title=\"Floyds Triangle\">Floyds Triangle<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P07\" title=\"Circular Queue\">File copy<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P08\" title=\"Singly Linked List of Student Data\">Stack Operations<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P09\" title=\"Doubly Linked List of Employee Data\">Complex Number Addition<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P10\" title=\"Polynomial Evaluation and Addition\">Polymorphism Demo<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P11\" title=\"Binary Search Tree\">Abstract Class Demo<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P12\" title=\"Interface Demo\">Interface Demo<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" id=\"block-bffdd463-a690-4f79-8ec7-f3c9726330ae\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/CodingAd.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"535\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/CodingAd.png?resize=1024%2C535&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1286 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/CodingAd.png?resize=1024%2C535&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/CodingAd.png?resize=300%2C157&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/CodingAd.png?resize=768%2C401&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/CodingAd.png?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/535;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P01\">Program 01 : Arithmetic Operations<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Develop a C# program to simulate simple arithmetic calculator for Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division and Mod operations. Read the operator and operands through console.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C# Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"using System;\n\nclass Calculator\n{\n    static void Main()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Simple Arithmetic Calculator&quot;);\n\n        \/\/ Read operator and operands from the console\n        Console.Write(&quot;Enter the operator (+, -, *, \/, %): &quot;);\n        char operation = Console.ReadKey().KeyChar;\n        Console.WriteLine(); \/\/ Move to the next line\n\n        Console.Write(&quot;Enter the first operand: &quot;);\n        double operand1 = Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());\n\n        Console.Write(&quot;Enter the second operand: &quot;);\n        double operand2 = Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());\n\n        double result = 0;\n\n        \/\/ Perform the selected operation\n        switch (operation)\n        {\n            case '+':\n                result = operand1 + operand2;\n                break;\n            case '-':\n                result = operand1 - operand2;\n                break;\n            case '*':\n                result = operand1 * operand2;\n                break;\n            case '\/':\n                \/\/ Check for division by zero\n                if (operand2 != 0)\n                {\n                    result = operand1 \/ operand2;\n                }\n                else\n                {\n                    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Error: Division by zero.&quot;);\n                    return;\n                }\n                break;\n            case '%':\n                \/\/ Check for division by zero\n                if (operand2 != 0)\n                {\n                    result = operand1 % operand2;\n                }\n                else\n                {\n                    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Error: Division by zero.&quot;);\n                    return;\n                }\n                break;\n            default:\n                Console.WriteLine(&quot;Error: Invalid operator.&quot;);\n                return;\n        }\n\n        \/\/ Display the result\n        Console.WriteLine($&quot;Result: {operand1} {operation} {operand2} = {result}&quot;);\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Calculator<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Console.WriteLine(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">&quot;Simple Arithmetic Calculator&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">\/\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Read<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">and<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operands<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">console<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Console.Write(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">&quot;Enter the operator (+, -, *, \/, %): &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">char<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operation<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Console.ReadKey<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.KeyChar<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Console.WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(); <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">\/\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Move<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">next<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">line<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Console.Write(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">&quot;Enter the first operand: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operand1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Convert.ToDouble<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Console.ReadLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Console.Write(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">&quot;Enter the second operand: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operand2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Convert.ToDouble<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Console.ReadLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">result<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">\/\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Perform<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">selected<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operation<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">switch<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (operation)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">case<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&#39;+&#39;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">result<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operand1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operand2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">break<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">case<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&#39;-&#39;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">result<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operand1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operand2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">break<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">case<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&#39;*&#39;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">result<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operand1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operand2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">break<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">case<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&#39;\/&#39;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">\/\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">division<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">by<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">zero<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">operand2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">!=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">result<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operand1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operand2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">else<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Console.WriteLine(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">&quot;Error: Division by zero.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">break<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">case<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&#39;%&#39;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">\/\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">division<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">by<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">zero<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">operand2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">!=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">result<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operand1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">%<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operand2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">else<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Console.WriteLine(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">&quot;Error: Division by zero.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">break<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">default:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Console.WriteLine(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">&quot;Error: Invalid operator.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">\/\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">result<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Console.WriteLine($<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">&quot;Result: {operand1} {operation} {operand2} = {result}&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">This simple arithmetic calculator showcases the basics of console-based C# applications, covering user input, conditional statements, and error handling. It serves as a foundational project for those looking to delve into C# programming and provides insights into building interactive console applications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Commands<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"#Creating Project\n$ dotnet new console -n ArithmeticOps\n\nNow go to the newly created directory using cd command\nCopy the above program into Program.cs\n\n#Compiling\n$ dotnet build -o out ArithmeticOps.csproj \n\n#Execution\n$ .\/out\/ArithmeticOps\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Creating Project<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">console<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-n<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">ArithmeticOps<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Now<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">go<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">newly<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">created<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">directory<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">cd<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">command<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Copy<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">above<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">program<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">into<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Program.cs<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Compiling<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">build<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-o<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">ArithmeticOps.csproj<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Execution<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/ArithmeticOps<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ .\/out\/ArithmeticOps\nSimple Arithmetic Calculator\nEnter the operator (+, -, *, \/, %): +\nEnter the first operand: 4\nEnter the second operand: 5\nResult: 4 + 5 = 9\n\n$ .\/out\/ArithmeticOps\nSimple Arithmetic Calculator\nEnter the operator (+, -, *, \/, %): \/\nEnter the first operand: 7\nEnter the second operand: 6\nResult: 7 \/ 6 = 1.1666666666666667\n\n$ .\/out\/ArithmeticOps\nSimple Arithmetic Calculator\nEnter the operator (+, -, *, \/, %): 7\nEnter the first operand: 7\nEnter the second operand: 9\nError: Invalid operator.\n\n$ .\/out\/ArithmeticOps\nSimple Arithmetic Calculator\nEnter the operator (+, -, *, \/, %): %\nEnter the first operand: 7\nEnter the second operand: 5\nResult: 7 % 5 = 2\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/ArithmeticOps<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Simple<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Arithmetic<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Calculator<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (+, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">\/,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">%<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">): +<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">first<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operand:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">second<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operand:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Result:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">9<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/ArithmeticOps<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Simple<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Arithmetic<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Calculator<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (+, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">\/,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">%<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">): \/<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">first<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operand:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">7<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">second<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operand:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">6<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Result:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">7<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">6<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1.1666666666666667<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/ArithmeticOps<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Simple<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Arithmetic<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Calculator<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (+, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">\/,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">%<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">): 7<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">first<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operand:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">7<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">second<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operand:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">9<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Error:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Invalid<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operator.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/ArithmeticOps<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Simple<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Arithmetic<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Calculator<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (+, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">\/,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">%<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">): %<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">first<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operand:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">7<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">second<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">operand:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Result:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">7<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">%<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P02\">Program 02 : Armstrong Number<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>Develop a C# program to print Armstrong Number between 1 to 1000.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C# Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"\/*using System;\n\nclass ArmstrongNumbers\n{\n    static void Main()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Armstrong Numbers between 1 and 1000:&quot;);\n\n        for (int number = 1; number &lt;= 1000; number++)\n        {\n            if (IsArmstrongNumber(number))\n            {\n                Console.WriteLine(number);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    static bool IsArmstrongNumber(int num)\n    {\n        int originalNumber = num;\n        int numDigits = CountDigits(num);\n        int sum = 0;\n\n        while (num &gt; 0)\n        {\n            int digit = num % 10;\n            sum += (int)Math.Pow(digit, numDigits);\n            num \/= 10;\n        }\n\n        return originalNumber == sum;\n    }\n\n    static int CountDigits(int num)\n    {\n        int count = 0;\n\n        while (num &gt; 0)\n        {\n            num \/= 10;\n            count++;\n        }\n\n        return count;\n    }\n}\n*\/\n\n\/\/Without using Functions\nusing System;\n\nclass ArmstrongNumbers\n{\n    static void Main()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Armstrong Numbers between 1 and 1000:&quot;);\n\n        for (int number = 1; number &lt;= 1000; number++)\n        {\n            int numDigits = 0;\n            int temp = number;\n\n            while (temp &gt; 0)\n            {\n                temp \/= 10;\n                numDigits++;\n            }\n\n            temp = number;\n            int sum = 0;\n\n            while (temp &gt; 0)\n            {\n                int digit = temp % 10;\n                sum += (int)Math.Pow(digit, numDigits);\n                temp \/= 10;\n            }\n\n            if (number == sum)\n            {\n                Console.WriteLine(number);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/*using System;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">class ArmstrongNumbers<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">    static void Main()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Armstrong Numbers between 1 and 1000:&quot;);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        for (int number = 1; number &lt;= 1000; number++)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">            if (IsArmstrongNumber(number))<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">            {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">                Console.WriteLine(number);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">            }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">    static bool IsArmstrongNumber(int num)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        int originalNumber = num;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        int numDigits = CountDigits(num);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        int sum = 0;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        while (num &gt; 0)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">            int digit = num % 10;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">            sum += (int)Math.Pow(digit, numDigits);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">            num \/= 10;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        return originalNumber == sum;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">    static int CountDigits(int num)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        int count = 0;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        while (num &gt; 0)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">            num \/= 10;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">            count++;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        return count;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">*\/<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/Without using Functions<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ArmstrongNumbers<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Armstrong Numbers between 1 and 1000:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">number<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; number <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&lt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1000<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; number<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">numDigits<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">temp<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> number;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">while<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (temp <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                temp <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">\/=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                numDigits<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            temp <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> number;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">sum<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">while<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (temp <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">digit<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> temp <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">%<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                sum <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)Math.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Pow<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(digit, numDigits);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                temp <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">\/=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (number <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> sum)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(number);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">This C# program identifies Armstrong numbers within the range of 1 to 1000. Armstrong numbers, also known as narcissistic or pluperfect numbers, possess a unique property: the sum of each digit raised to the power of the total number of digits equals the original number.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The program iterates through numbers from 1 to 1000 using a <code>for<\/code> loop. For each number, it determines the count of digits by repeatedly dividing the number by 10 until it becomes zero. This count is crucial for the subsequent Armstrong check.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The program then decomposes the number into its digits using a <code>while<\/code> loop, raising each digit to the power calculated earlier, and summing them. If the computed sum matches the original number, it is recognized as an Armstrong number.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The output consists of the Armstrong numbers found within the specified range, providing a clear representation of these intriguing mathematical phenomena. This program serves as an illustrative example of fundamental programming constructs and their application in exploring mathematical concepts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Commands<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"#Creating Project\n$ dotnet new console -n Armstrong\n\nNow go to the newly created directory using cd command\nCopy the above program into Program.cs\n\n#Compiling\n$ dotnet build -o out Armstrong.csproj \n\n#Execution\n$ .\/out\/Armstrong\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Creating Project<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">console<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-n<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Armstrong<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Now<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">go<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">newly<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">created<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">directory<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">cd<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">command<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Copy<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">above<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">program<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">into<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Program.cs<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Compiling<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">build<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-o<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Armstrong.csproj<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Execution<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/Armstrong<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ .\/out\/Armstrong\nArmstrong Numbers between 1 and 1000:\n1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\n9\n153\n370\n371\n407\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/Armstrong<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Armstrong<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Numbers<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">between<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">and<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1000<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">5<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">6<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">7<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">8<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">9<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">153<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">370<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">371<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">407<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P03\">Program 03 : Substrings in a given string<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Develop a C# program to list all substrings in a given string. [ Hint: use of Substring() method]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C# Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"using System;\n\nclass SubstringLister\n{\n    static void Main()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter a string:&quot;);\n        string inputString = Console.ReadLine();\n\n        \/\/ Check if the inputString is null, and if so, assign an empty string\n        inputString ??= string.Empty;\n\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;All substrings in the given string:&quot;);\n\n        \/\/ Loop through each character in the string\n        for (int i = 0; i &lt; inputString.Length; i++)\n        {\n            \/\/ Loop through each length of substring starting from the current character\n            for (int j = 1; j &lt;= inputString.Length - i; j++)\n            {\n                \/\/ Extract the substring using Substring(startIndex, length)\n                string substring = inputString.Substring(i, j);\n                Console.WriteLine(substring);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">SubstringLister<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Enter a string:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">string<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">inputString<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ReadLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Check if the inputString is null, and if so, assign an empty string<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        inputString <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">??=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">string<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.Empty;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;All substrings in the given string:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Loop through each character in the string<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">i<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; i <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> inputString.Length; i<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">            \/\/ Loop through each length of substring starting from the current character<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">j<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; j <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&lt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> inputString.Length <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> i; j<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">                \/\/ Extract the substring using Substring(startIndex, length)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">string<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">substring<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> inputString.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Substring<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(i, j);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(substring);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The C# program is designed to take user input in the form of a string and then systematically list all possible substrings within that input string. Substrings are contiguous sequences of characters within a string.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The program utilizes nested loops to systematically enumerate all possible substrings within the given string. The outer loop iterates through each character in the string, and the inner loop considers all possible lengths of substrings starting from the current character.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">Within the nested loops, the <code>Substring<\/code> method is employed to extract substrings based on the current character position and the length calculated in the inner loop. The program prints each identified substring on a new line, presenting a comprehensive list of all possible substrings within the provided string.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Commands<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"#Creating Project\n$ dotnet new console -n SubString\n\nNow go to the newly created directory using cd command\nCopy the above program into Program.cs\n\n#Compiling\n$ dotnet build -o out SubString.csproj \n\n#Execution\n$ .\/out\/SubString\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Creating Project<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">console<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-n<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">SubString<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Now<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">go<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">newly<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">created<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">directory<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">cd<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">command<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Copy<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">above<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">program<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">into<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Program.cs<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Compiling<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">build<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-o<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">SubString.csproj<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Execution<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/SubString<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ .\/out\/SubString\nEnter a string:\nabc\nAll substrings in the given string:\na\nab\nabc\nb\nbc\nc\n\n$ .\/out\/SubString\nEnter a string:\nindia\nAll substrings in the given string:\ni\nin\nind\nindi\nindia\nn\nnd\nndi\nndia\nd\ndi\ndia\ni\nia\na\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/SubString<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">string:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">abc<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">All<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">substrings<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">in<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">given<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">string:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">a<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ab<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">abc<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">b<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">bc<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">c<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/SubString<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">string:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">india<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">All<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">substrings<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">in<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">given<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">string:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">i<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">in<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ind<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">indi<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">india<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">n<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">nd<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ndi<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ndia<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">d<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">di<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">dia<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">i<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ia<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">a<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P04\">Program 04 : Exception Demo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Develop a C# program to demonstrate Division by Zero and Index Out of Range exceptions.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C# Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"using System;\n\nclass ExceptionDemo\n{\n    static void Main()\n    {\n        \/\/ Division by Zero Exception\n        try\n        {\n            int numerator = 10;\n            int denominator = 3;\n            int result = numerator \/ denominator;  \/\/ Division by non zero value\n            Console.WriteLine($&quot;Result of division of {numerator}\/{denominator}: {result}&quot;);\n            numerator = 10;\n            denominator = 0;\n            result = numerator \/ denominator;  \/\/ Division by zero\n            Console.WriteLine($&quot;Result of division: {result}&quot;);\n        }\n        catch (DivideByZeroException ex)\n        {\n            Console.WriteLine($&quot;Division by zero exception caught: {ex.Message}&quot;);\n        }\n\n        \/\/ Index Out of Range Exception\n        try\n        {\n            int[] numbers = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };\n            int index = 3;  \/\/ Accessing an index that is in range\n            int value = numbers[index];\n            Console.WriteLine($&quot;Value at index {index}: {value}&quot;);            \n            index = 10;  \/\/ Accessing an index that is out of range\n            value = numbers[index];\n            Console.WriteLine($&quot;Value at index {index}: {value}&quot;);\n        }\n        catch (IndexOutOfRangeException ex)\n        {\n            Console.WriteLine($&quot;Specified Index is out of range hence out of range exception caught: {ex.Message}&quot;);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ExceptionDemo<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Division by Zero Exception<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">try<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">numerator<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">denominator<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">result<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> numerator <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> denominator;  <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Division by non zero value<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">$&quot;Result of division of {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">numerator<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">}\/{<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">denominator<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">}: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">result<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">}&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            numerator <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            denominator <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            result <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> numerator <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> denominator;  <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Division by zero<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">$&quot;Result of division: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">result<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">}&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">catch<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">DivideByZeroException<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">$&quot;Division by zero exception caught: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">ex<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">Message<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">}&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Index Out of Range Exception<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">try<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[] <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">numbers<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> { <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> };<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">index<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;  <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Accessing an index that is in range<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">value<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> numbers[index];<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">$&quot;Value at index {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">index<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">}: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">value<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">}&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);            <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            index <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;  <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Accessing an index that is out of range<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            value <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> numbers[index];<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">$&quot;Value at index {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">index<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">}: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">value<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">}&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">catch<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">IndexOutOfRangeException<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">$&quot;Specified Index is out of range hence out of range exception caught: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">ex<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">Message<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">}&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The C# program serves as a demonstration of exception handling in two scenarios: Division by Zero and Index Out of Range. Exception handling is a crucial aspect of programming that allows developers to anticipate and gracefully handle runtime errors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Division by Zero Exception:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The program initiates a try-catch block to handle potential exceptions during division operations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It first performs a division by a non-zero denominator, showcasing a normal division scenario.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The second division attempt deliberately divides by zero, triggering a <code>DivideByZeroException<\/code> that is caught and handled in the catch block.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Exception details, including the error message, are displayed to provide insights into the nature of the exception.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Index Out of Range Exception:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Another try-catch block is implemented to handle potential exceptions related to accessing array indices.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The program initializes an array of integers and attempts to access an index within the array&#8217;s bounds successfully.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A subsequent attempt to access an index that is out of range triggers an <code>IndexOutOfRangeException<\/code>, which is caught and handled in the catch block.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Similar to the previous scenario, exception details are presented, aiding in understanding the specific nature of the exception.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">Exception handling is a critical aspect of robust programming, ensuring that unexpected errors are handled gracefully. This C# program provides an instructive example of handling <code>DivideByZeroException<\/code> and <code>IndexOutOfRangeException<\/code>, demonstrating how to anticipate and manage potential runtime issues effectively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Commands<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"#Creating Project\n$ dotnet new console -n ExceptionDemo\n\nNow go to the newly created directory using cd command\nCopy the above program into Program.cs\n\n#Compiling\n$ dotnet build -o out ExceptionDemo.csproj \n\n#Execution\n$ .\/out\/ExceptionDemo\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Creating Project<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">console<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-n<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">ExceptionDemo<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Now<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">go<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">newly<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">created<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">directory<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">cd<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">command<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Copy<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">above<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">program<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">into<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Program.cs<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Compiling<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">build<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-o<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">ExceptionDemo.csproj<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Execution<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/ExceptionDemo<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ .\/out\/ExceptionDemo\nResult of division of 10\/3: 3\nDivision by zero exception caught: Attempted to divide by zero.\nValue at index 3: 4\nSpecified Index is out of range hence out of range exception caught: Index was outside the bounds of the array.\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/ExceptionDemo<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Result<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">division<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">\/3:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Division<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">by<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">zero<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">exception<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">caught:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Attempted<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">divide<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">by<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">zero.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Value<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">at<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">index<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Specified<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Index<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">range<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">hence<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">range<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">exception<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">caught:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Index<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">was<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">outside<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">bounds<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">array.<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P05\">Program 05 : Pascal Triangle<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Develop a C# program to generate and printPascal Triangle using Two Dimensional arrays.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P05A\">C# Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"using System;\n\nclass PascalTriangle\n{\n    static void Main()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter the number of rows for Pascal's Triangle:&quot;);\n        int numRows = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());\n\n        \/\/ Create a two-dimensional array to store Pascal's Triangle\n        int[,] triangle = new int[numRows, numRows];\n\n        \/\/ Populate the array with Pascal's Triangle values\n        for (int i = 0; i &lt; numRows; i++)\n        {\n            for (int j = 0; j &lt;= i; j++)\n            {\n                if (j == 0 || j == i)\n                {\n                    triangle[i, j] = 1; \/\/ First and last element in each row is 1\n                }\n                else\n                {\n                    triangle[i, j] = triangle[i - 1, j - 1] + triangle[i - 1, j];\n                }\n            }\n        }\n\n        \/\/ Print Pascal's Triangle\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Pascal's Triangle:&quot;);\n\n        for (int i = 0; i &lt; numRows; i++)\n        {\n            for (int j = 0; j &lt;= i; j++)\n            {\n                Console.Write($&quot;{triangle[i, j]} &quot;);\n            }\n            Console.WriteLine();\n        }\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">PascalTriangle<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Enter the number of rows for Pascal&#39;s Triangle:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">numRows<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Convert.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ToInt32<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ReadLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Create a two-dimensional array to store Pascal&#39;s Triangle<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[,] <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[numRows, numRows];<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Populate the array with Pascal&#39;s Triangle values<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">i<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; i <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> numRows; i<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">j<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; j <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&lt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> i; j<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (j <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">||<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> j <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> i)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    triangle[i, j] <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ First and last element in each row is 1<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">else<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    triangle[i, j] <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> triangle[i <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, j <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">] <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> triangle[i <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, j];<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Print Pascal&#39;s Triangle<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Pascal&#39;s Triangle:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">i<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; i <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> numRows; i<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">j<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; j <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&lt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> i; j<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Write<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">$&quot;{<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">i<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">j<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">]} &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The C# program generates and prints Pascal&#8217;s Triangle based on user-specified rows. Pascal&#8217;s Triangle is a mathematical construct where each number is the sum of the two numbers directly above it, forming a symmetrical pattern of binomial coefficients.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The program prompts the user to enter the desired number of rows for Pascal&#8217;s Triangle via the console. A two-dimensional array is created to store the values of Pascal&#8217;s Triangle. The array dimensions are determined by the user-provided number of rows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">Nested loops populate the array with values representing Pascal&#8217;s Triangle. Each element in the triangle is calculated based on its position, considering the sum of the two elements directly above it. Special conditions are applied for the first and last elements in each row, which are set to 1. This C# program serves as an illustrative example of generating and displaying Pascal&#8217;s Triangle. The program demonstrates the use of nested loops and a two-dimensional array to efficiently compute and present the triangle based on user input.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Commands<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"#Creating Project\n$ dotnet new console -n PascalTriangle2D\n\nNow go to the newly created directory using cd command\nCopy the above program into Program.cs\n\n#Compiling\n$ dotnet build -o out PascalTriangle2D.csproj \n\n#Execution\n$ .\/out\/PascalTriangle2D\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Creating Project<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">console<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-n<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">PascalTriangle2D<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Now<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">go<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">newly<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">created<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">directory<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">cd<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">command<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Copy<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">above<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">program<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">into<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Program.cs<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Compiling<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">build<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-o<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">PascalTriangle2D.csproj<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Execution<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/PascalTriangle2D<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ .\/out\/PascalTriangle2D \nEnter the number of rows for Pascal's Triangle:\n6\nPascal's Triangle:\n1 \n1 1 \n1 2 1 \n1 3 3 1 \n1 4 6 4 1 \n1 5 10 10 5 1 \n\n$ .\/out\/PascalTriangle2D \nEnter the number of rows for Pascal's Triangle:\n4\nPascal's Triangle:\n1 \n1 1 \n1 2 1 \n1 3 3 1 \" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/PascalTriangle2D<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">number<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">rows<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pascal&#39;s Triangle:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">6<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pascal&#39;s<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Triangle:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">6<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/PascalTriangle2D<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">number<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">rows<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pascal&#39;s Triangle:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">4<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pascal&#39;s<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Triangle:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P06\">Program 06 : Floyds Triangle<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Develop a C# program to generate and print Floyds Triangle using Jagged arrays.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C# Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"using System;\n\nclass FloydsTriangle\n{\n    static void Main()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter the number of rows for Floyd's Triangle:&quot;);\n        int numRows = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());\n\n        \/\/ Create a jagged array to store Floyd's Triangle\n        int[][] triangle = new int[numRows][];\n\n        \/\/ Populate the jagged array with Floyd's Triangle values\n        int currentNumber = 1;\n        for (int i = 0; i &lt; numRows; i++)\n        {\n            triangle[i] = new int[i + 1]; \/\/ Allocate space for each row\n\n            for (int j = 0; j &lt;= i; j++)\n            {\n                triangle[i][j] = currentNumber++;\n            }\n        }\n\n        \/\/ Print Floyd's Triangle\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Floyd's Triangle:&quot;);\n\n        for (int i = 0; i &lt; numRows; i++)\n        {\n            for (int j = 0; j &lt;= i; j++)\n            {\n                Console.Write($&quot;{triangle[i][j]} &quot;);\n            }\n            Console.WriteLine();\n        }\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">FloydsTriangle<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Enter the number of rows for Floyd&#39;s Triangle:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">numRows<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Convert.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ToInt32<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ReadLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Create a jagged array to store Floyd&#39;s Triangle<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[][] <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[numRows][];<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Populate the jagged array with Floyd&#39;s Triangle values<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">currentNumber<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">i<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; i <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> numRows; i<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            triangle[i] <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[i <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">]; <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Allocate space for each row<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">j<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; j <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&lt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> i; j<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                triangle[i][j] <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> currentNumber<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Print Floyd&#39;s Triangle<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Floyd&#39;s Triangle:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">i<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; i <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> numRows; i<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">j<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; j <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&lt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> i; j<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Write<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">$&quot;{<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">i<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">][<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">j<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">]} &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The C# program generates and prints Floyd&#8217;s Triangle based on user-specified rows. Floyd&#8217;s Triangle is a right-angled triangular sequence of natural numbers, used for pattern-based number display. The program prompts the user to enter the desired number of rows for Floyd&#8217;s Triangle via the console.<br>A jagged array (an array of arrays) is created to store the values of Floyd&#8217;s Triangle. Each row in the jagged array represents a level in the triangle. Nested loops populate the jagged array with values representing Floyd&#8217;s Triangle. The completed Floyd&#8217;s Triangle is printed to the console in a formatted manner, showcasing the sequence of natural numbers.<br>Users execute the program, providing the number of rows for Floyd&#8217;s Triangle. The program then calculates and displays the complete Floyd&#8217;s Triangle with the specified number of rows.<br>This C# program provides an illustrative example of generating and displaying Floyd&#8217;s Triangle, a numerical pattern with applications in mathematics and computer science. The use of a jagged array facilitates dynamic allocation for each row, and nested loops efficiently populate and present the triangle based on user input.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Commands<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"#Creating Project\n$ dotnet new console -n FloydsTriangle\n\nNow go to the newly created directory using cd command\nCopy the above program into Program.cs\n\n#Compiling\n$ dotnet build -o out FloydsTriangle.csproj \n\n#Execution\n$ .\/out\/FloydsTriangle\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Creating Project<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">console<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-n<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">FloydsTriangle<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Now<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">go<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">newly<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">created<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">directory<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">cd<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">command<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Copy<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">above<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">program<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">into<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Program.cs<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Compiling<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">build<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-o<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">FloydsTriangle.csproj<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Execution<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/FloydsTriangle<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ .\/out\/FloydsTriangle\nEnter the number of rows for Floyd's Triangle:\n5\nFloyd's Triangle:\n1 \n2 3 \n4 5 6 \n7 8 9 10 \n11 12 13 14 15 \n\n\n$ .\/out\/FloydsTriangle\nEnter the number of rows for Floyd's Triangle:\n7\nFloyd's Triangle:\n1 \n2 3 \n4 5 6 \n7 8 9 10 \n11 12 13 14 15 \n16 17 18 19 20 21 \n22 23 24 25 26 27 28 \" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/FloydsTriangle<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">number<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">rows<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Floyd&#39;s Triangle:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">5<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Floyd&#39;s<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Triangle:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">6<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">7<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">8<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">9<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">11<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">12<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">13<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">14<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">15<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/FloydsTriangle<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">number<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">rows<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Floyd&#39;s Triangle:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">7<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Floyd&#39;s<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Triangle:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">6<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">7<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">8<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">9<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">11<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">12<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">13<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">14<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">15<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">16<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">17<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">18<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">19<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">20<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">21<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">22<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">23<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">24<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">25<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">26<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">27<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">28<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P07\">Program 07 : File copy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Develop a C# program to read a text file and copy the file contents to another text file.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C# Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"using System;\nusing System.IO;\n\nclass FileCopy\n{\n    static void Main()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter the path of the source text file:&quot;);\n        string sourceFilePath = Console.ReadLine();\n\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter the path of the destination text file:&quot;);\n        string destinationFilePath = Console.ReadLine();\n\n        try\n        {\n            \/\/ Ensure the destination directory exists\n            Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(destinationFilePath));\n\n            \/\/ Read the contents of the source file\n            string fileContents = File.ReadAllText(sourceFilePath);\n\n            \/\/ Write the contents to the destination file\n            File.WriteAllText(destinationFilePath, fileContents);\n\n            Console.WriteLine(&quot;File copy successful!&quot;);\n        }\n        catch (Exception ex)\n        {\n            Console.WriteLine($&quot;Error: {ex.Message}&quot;);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">IO<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">FileCopy<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Enter the path of the source text file:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">string<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">sourceFilePath<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ReadLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Enter the path of the destination text file:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">string<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">destinationFilePath<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ReadLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">try<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">            \/\/ Ensure the destination directory exists<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Directory.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">CreateDirectory<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(Path.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">GetDirectoryName<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(destinationFilePath));<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">            \/\/ Read the contents of the source file<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">string<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">fileContents<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> File.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ReadAllText<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(sourceFilePath);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">            \/\/ Write the contents to the destination file<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            File.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteAllText<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(destinationFilePath, fileContents);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;File copy successful!&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">catch<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Exception<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">$&quot;Error: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">ex<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">Message<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">}&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The C# program allows users to copy the contents of one text file to another. It prompts users to input the paths for the source and destination text files, ensuring the destination directory exists, and then performs the file copy operation. Exception handling is incorporated to provide a robust and error-tolerant file copying experience. The program gives clear feedback to users about the success of the file copy or any encountered errors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The program is enclosed in a try-catch block to handle potential exceptions that may occur during file operations. This ensures graceful error handling. Before attempting to copy the file, the program ensures that the directory structure of the destination file exists. If not, it creates the necessary directory using <code>Directory.CreateDirectory<\/code>.  The contents of the source file are read using File.ReadAllText and stored in a string variable (fileContents). The contents are then written to the destination file using File.WriteAllText.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Commands &amp; Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"#Creating Project\n$ dotnet new console -n FileCopy\n\nNow go to the newly created directory using cd command\n\n#Compiling\n$ dotnet build -o out FileCopy.csproj \n\n#Execution\nFirst make sure that the source file is existing. If it is in the current directory you can provide its file name, otherwise you have to provide the full path name\nFor the destination you need to specify the directory name followed by the destination file name.\n\n#Source file in current directory\n$ .\/out\/FileCopy\n\nEnter the path of the source text file:\nsource.txt\nEnter the path of the destination text file:\ndest\/recv.txt\nFile copy successful!\n\n#Source file not in current directory\n\n$ .\/out\/FileCopy\nEnter the path of the source text file:\n\/home\/putta\/GitRepos\/21csl582_c_sharp_programming\/README.md\nEnter the path of the destination text file:\ndest\/readme.txt\nFile copy successful!\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Creating Project<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">console<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-n<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">FileCopy<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Now<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">go<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">newly<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">created<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">directory<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">cd<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">command<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Compiling<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">build<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-o<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">FileCopy.csproj<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Execution<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">First<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">make<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">sure<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">that<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">source<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">file<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">existing.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">If<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">it<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">in<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">current<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">directory<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">you<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">can<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">provide<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">its<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">file<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">name,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">otherwise<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">you<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">have<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">provide<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">full<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">path<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">name<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">For<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">destination<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">you<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">need<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">specify<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">directory<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">name<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">followed<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">by<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">destination<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">file<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">name.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Source file in current directory<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/FileCopy<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">path<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">source<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">text<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">file:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">source<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.txt<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">path<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">destination<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">text<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">file:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">dest\/recv.txt<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">File<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">copy<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">successful!<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Source file not in current directory<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/FileCopy<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">path<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">source<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">text<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">file:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">\/home\/putta\/GitRepos\/21csl582_c_sharp_programming\/README.md<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">path<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">destination<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">text<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">file:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">dest\/readme.txt<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">File<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">copy<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">successful!<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P08\">Program 08 : Stack Operations<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Develop a C# Program to Implement Stack with Push and Pop Operations [Hint: Use class, get\/set properties, methods for push and pop and main method]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C# Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"using System;\n\nclass StackImplementation\n{\n    static void Main()\n    {\n        \/\/ Create a stack instance\n        Stack stack = new Stack();\n\n        while (true)\n        {\n            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Choose an option:&quot;);\n            Console.WriteLine(&quot;1. Push&quot;);\n            Console.WriteLine(&quot;2. Pop&quot;);\n            Console.WriteLine(&quot;3. Display&quot;);\n            Console.WriteLine(&quot;4. Exit&quot;);\n\n            int choice = GetChoice();\n\n            switch (choice)\n            {\n                case 1:\n                    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter the value to push:&quot;);\n                    int valueToPush = GetValue();\n                    stack.Push(valueToPush);\n                    break;\n\n                case 2:\n                    int poppedValue = stack.Pop();\n                    if (poppedValue != -1)\n                        Console.WriteLine($&quot;Popped element: {poppedValue}&quot;);\n                    break;\n\n                case 3:\n                    stack.Display();\n                    break;\n\n                case 4:\n                    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Exiting the program.&quot;);\n                    Environment.Exit(0);\n                    break;\n\n                default:\n                    Console.WriteLine(&quot;Invalid choice. Please choose a valid option.&quot;);\n                    break;\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    static int GetChoice()\n    {\n        int choice;\n        while (!int.TryParse(Console.ReadLine(), out choice))\n        {\n            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Invalid input. Please enter a number.&quot;);\n        }\n        return choice;\n    }\n\n    static int GetValue()\n    {\n        int value;\n        while (!int.TryParse(Console.ReadLine(), out value))\n        {\n            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Invalid input. Please enter a number.&quot;);\n        }\n        return value;\n    }\n}\n\nclass Stack\n{\n    private const int MaxSize = 10;\n    private int[] items;\n    private int top;\n\n    public Stack()\n    {\n        items = new int[MaxSize];\n        top = -1;\n    }\n\n    public void Push(int value)\n    {\n        if (top == MaxSize - 1)\n        {\n            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Stack overflow! Cannot push more elements.&quot;);\n            return;\n        }\n\n        items[++top] = value;\n        Console.WriteLine($&quot;Pushed element: {value}&quot;);\n    }\n\n    public int Pop()\n    {\n        if (top == -1)\n        {\n            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Stack underflow! Cannot pop from an empty stack.&quot;);\n            return -1; \/\/ Return a sentinel value indicating underflow\n        }\n\n        int poppedValue = items[top--];\n        return poppedValue;\n    }\n\n    public void Display()\n    {\n        if (top == -1)\n        {\n            Console.WriteLine(&quot;Stack is empty.&quot;);\n            return;\n        }\n\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Stack elements:&quot;);\n        for (int i = top; i &gt;= 0; i--)\n        {\n            Console.WriteLine(items[i]);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">StackImplementation<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Create a stack instance<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">while<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">true<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Choose an option:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;1. Push&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;2. Pop&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;3. Display&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;4. Exit&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">choice<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">GetChoice<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">switch<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (choice)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">case<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Enter the value to push:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">valueToPush<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">GetValue<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    stack.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Push<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(valueToPush);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">break<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">case<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">poppedValue<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> stack.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Pop<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (poppedValue <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">!=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">$&quot;Popped element: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">poppedValue<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">}&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">break<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">case<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    stack.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">break<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">case<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Exiting the program.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    Environment.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Exit<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">break<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">default<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Invalid choice. Please choose a valid option.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">break<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">GetChoice<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">choice<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">while<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">!int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">TryParse<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ReadLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(), <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> choice))<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Invalid input. Please enter a number.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> choice;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">GetValue<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">value<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">while<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">!int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">TryParse<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ReadLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(), <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> value))<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Invalid input. Please enter a number.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> value;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">const<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">MaxSize<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[] <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">items<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">top<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        items <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[MaxSize];<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        top <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Push<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">value<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (top <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> MaxSize <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Stack overflow! Cannot push more elements.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        items[<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">top] <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> value;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">$&quot;Pushed element: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">value<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">}&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Pop<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (top <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Stack underflow! Cannot pop from an empty stack.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Return a sentinel value indicating underflow<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">poppedValue<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> items[top<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">--<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">];<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> poppedValue;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (top <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Stack is empty.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Stack elements:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">i<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> top; i <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&gt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; i<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">--<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(items[i]);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The C# program demonstrates a basic implementation of a stack data structure with interactive user options. The program allows users to push elements onto the stack, pop elements off the stack, display the current stack, and exit the program.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Commands<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"#Creating Project\n$ dotnet new console -n StackDemo\n\nNow go to the newly created directory using cd command\nCopy the above program into Program.cs\n\n#Compiling\n$ dotnet build -o out StackDemo.csproj \n\n#Execution\n$ .\/out\/StackDemo\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Creating Project<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">console<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-n<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">StackDemo<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Now<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">go<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">newly<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">created<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">directory<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">cd<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">command<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Copy<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">above<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">program<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">into<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Program.cs<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Compiling<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">build<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-o<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">StackDemo.csproj<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Execution<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/StackDemo<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ .\/out\/StackDemo\nChoose an option:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Exit\n2\nStack underflow! Cannot pop from an empty stack.\nChoose an option:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Exit\n3\nStack is empty.\nChoose an option:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Exit\n1\nEnter the value to push:\n12\nPushed element: 12\nChoose an option:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Exit\n1\nEnter the value to push:\n34\nPushed element: 34\nChoose an option:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Exit\n1\nEnter the value to push:\n56\nPushed element: 56\nChoose an option:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Exit\n3\nStack elements:\n56\n34\n12\nChoose an option:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Exit\n1\nEnter the value to push:\n78\nPushed element: 78\nChoose an option:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Exit\n3\nStack elements:\n78\n56\n34\n12\nChoose an option:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Exit\n2\nPopped element: 78\nChoose an option:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Exit\n3\nStack elements:\n56\n34\n12\nChoose an option:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Exit\n2\nPopped element: 56\nChoose an option:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Exit\n3\nStack elements:\n34\n12\nChoose an option:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Exit\n2\nPopped element: 34\nChoose an option:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Exit\n3\nStack elements:\n12\nChoose an option:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Exit\n2\nPopped element: 12\nChoose an option:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Exit\n3\nStack is empty.\nChoose an option:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Exit\n2\nStack underflow! Cannot pop from an empty stack.\nChoose an option:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Exit\n4\nExiting the program.\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/StackDemo<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Choose<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">an<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">option:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">underflow!<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Cannot<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">pop<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">an<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">empty<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Choose<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">an<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">option:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">empty.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Choose<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">an<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">option:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">value<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">push:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">12<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Pushed<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">element:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">12<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Choose<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">an<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">option:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">value<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">push:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">34<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Pushed<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">element:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">34<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Choose<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">an<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">option:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">value<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">push:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">56<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Pushed<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">element:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">56<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Choose<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">an<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">option:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">elements:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">56<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">34<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">12<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Choose<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">an<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">option:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">value<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">push:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">78<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Pushed<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">element:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">78<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Choose<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">an<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">option:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">elements:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">78<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">56<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">34<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">12<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Choose<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">an<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">option:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Popped<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">element:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">78<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Choose<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">an<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">option:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">elements:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">56<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">34<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">12<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Choose<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">an<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">option:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Popped<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">element:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">56<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Choose<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">an<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">option:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">elements:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">34<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">12<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Choose<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">an<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">option:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Popped<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">element:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">34<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Choose<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">an<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">option:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">elements:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">12<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Choose<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">an<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">option:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Popped<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">element:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">12<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Choose<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">an<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">option:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">empty.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Choose<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">an<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">option:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">underflow!<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Cannot<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">pop<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">an<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">empty<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Choose<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">an<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">option:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Exiting<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">program.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P09\">Program 09 : Complex Number Addition<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Design a class &#8220;Complex&#8221; with data members, constructor and method for overloading a binary operator &#8216;+&#8217;. Develop a C# program to read Two complex number and Print the results of addition.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C# Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"using System;\n\nclass Complex\n{\n    private double real;\n    private double imaginary;\n\n    \/\/ Constructor\n    public Complex(double real, double imaginary)\n    {\n        this.real = real;\n        this.imaginary = imaginary;\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Overloaded addition operator\n    public static Complex operator +(Complex c1, Complex c2)\n    {\n        double realSum = c1.real + c2.real;\n        double imaginarySum = c1.imaginary + c2.imaginary;\n        return new Complex(realSum, imaginarySum);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Display the complex number\n    public void Display()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine($&quot;Result: {real} + {imaginary}i&quot;);\n    }\n}\n\nclass Program\n{\n    static void Main()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter the first complex number:&quot;);\n        Console.Write(&quot;Real part: &quot;);\n        double real1 = Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());\n        Console.Write(&quot;Imaginary part: &quot;);\n        double imaginary1 = Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());\n\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;\\nEnter the second complex number:&quot;);\n        Console.Write(&quot;Real part: &quot;);\n        double real2 = Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());\n        Console.Write(&quot;Imaginary part: &quot;);\n        double imaginary2 = Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());\n\n        \/\/ Create Complex objects\n        Complex complex1 = new Complex(real1, imaginary1);\n        Complex complex2 = new Complex(real2, imaginary2);\n\n        \/\/ Use the overloaded addition operator\n        Complex result = complex1 + complex2;\n\n        \/\/ Display the result\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;\\nFirst complex number:&quot;);\n        complex1.Display();\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;\\nSecond complex number:&quot;);\n        complex2.Display();\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;\\nResult of addition:&quot;);\n        result.Display();\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Complex<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">real<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">imaginary<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">    \/\/ Constructor<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Complex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">real<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">imaginary<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.real <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> real;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.imaginary <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> imaginary;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">    \/\/ Overloaded addition operator<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Complex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">operator<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Complex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">c1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Complex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">c2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">realSum<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> c1.real <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> c2.real;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">imaginarySum<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> c1.imaginary <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> c2.imaginary;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Complex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(realSum, imaginarySum);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">    \/\/ Display the complex number<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">$&quot;Result: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">real<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">} + {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">imaginary<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">}i&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Program<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Enter the first complex number:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Write<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Real part: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">real1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Convert.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ToDouble<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ReadLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Write<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Imaginary part: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">imaginary1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Convert.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ToDouble<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ReadLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">\\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Enter the second complex number:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Write<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Real part: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">real2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Convert.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ToDouble<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ReadLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Write<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Imaginary part: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">imaginary2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Convert.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ToDouble<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ReadLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Create Complex objects<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Complex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">complex1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Complex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(real1, imaginary1);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Complex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">complex2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Complex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(real2, imaginary2);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Use the overloaded addition operator<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Complex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">result<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> complex1 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> complex2;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Display the result<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">\\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">First complex number:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        complex1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">\\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Second complex number:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        complex2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">\\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Result of addition:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        result.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The C# program titled &#8220;Complex&#8221; demonstrates the implementation of a complex number class with an overloaded addition operator. The program allows users to input two complex numbers, performs the addition operation using the custom operator, and displays the result.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The program defines a Complex class with private fields real and imaginary to represent the real and imaginary parts of a complex number. The class includes a constructor to initialize the complex number with user-provided real and imaginary values. The Complex class overloads the addition operator (+) to enable the addition of two complex numbers. The addition operation involves summing the real parts and summing the imaginary parts separately. The overloaded addition operator is used to add the two complex numbers, producing a new Complex object representing the result.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Commands<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"#Creating Project\n$ dotnet new console -n AddComplex\n\nNow go to the newly created directory using cd command\nCopy the above program into Program.cs\n\n#Compiling\n$ dotnet build -o out AddComplex.csproj \n\n#Execution\n$ .\/out\/AddComplex\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Creating Project<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">console<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-n<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">AddComplex<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Now<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">go<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">newly<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">created<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">directory<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">cd<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">command<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Copy<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">above<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">program<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">into<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Program.cs<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Compiling<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">build<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-o<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">AddComplex.csproj<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Execution<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/AddComplex<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ .\/out\/AddComplex \nEnter the first complex number:\nReal part: 6\nImaginary part: 3\n\nEnter the second complex number:\nReal part: 2\nImaginary part: 4\n\nFirst complex number:\nResult: 6 + 3i\n\nSecond complex number:\nResult: 2 + 4i\n\nResult of addition:\nResult: 8 + 7i\n\n\n$ .\/out\/AddComplex \nEnter the first complex number:\nReal part: 3\nImaginary part: 4\n\nEnter the second complex number:\nReal part: 6\nImaginary part: -7\n\nFirst complex number:\nResult: 3 + 4i\n\nSecond complex number:\nResult: 6 + -7i\n\nResult of addition:\nResult: 9 + -3i\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/AddComplex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">first<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">complex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">number:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Real<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">part:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">6<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Imaginary<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">part:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">second<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">complex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">number:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Real<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">part:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Imaginary<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">part:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">First<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">complex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">number:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Result:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">6<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">i<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Second<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">complex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">number:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Result:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">i<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Result<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">addition:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Result:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">8<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">7<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">i<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/AddComplex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">first<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">complex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">number:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Real<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">part:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Imaginary<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">part:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">second<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">complex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">number:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Real<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">part:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">6<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Imaginary<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">part:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-7<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">First<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">complex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">number:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Result:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">i<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Second<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">complex<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">number:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Result:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">6<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-7i<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Result<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">addition:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Result:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">9<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-3i<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P10\">Program 10 : Polymorphism Demo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Develop a C# program to create a class named shape. Create three sub classes namely: circle, triangle and square, each class has two member functions named draw () and erase (). Demonstrate polymorphism concepts by developing suitable methods, defining member data and main program.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C# Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"using System;\n\nclass Shape\n{\n    public virtual void Draw()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Drawing a generic shape.&quot;);\n    }\n\n    public virtual void Erase()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Erasing a generic shape.&quot;);\n    }\n}\n\nclass Circle : Shape\n{\n    public override void Draw()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Drawing a circle.&quot;);\n    }\n\n    public override void Erase()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Erasing a circle.&quot;);\n    }\n}\n\nclass Triangle : Shape\n{\n    public override void Draw()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Drawing a triangle.&quot;);\n    }\n\n    public override void Erase()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Erasing a triangle.&quot;);\n    }\n}\n\nclass Square : Shape\n{\n    public override void Draw()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Drawing a square.&quot;);\n    }\n\n    public override void Erase()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Erasing a square.&quot;);\n    }\n}\n\nclass Program\n{\n    static void Main()\n    {\n        \/\/ Create instances of the derived classes\n        Shape circle = new Circle();\n        Shape triangle = new Triangle();\n        Shape square = new Square();\n\n        \/\/ Demonstrate polymorphism through the Draw and Erase methods\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Demonstrating polymorphism:&quot;);\n        DrawAndErase(circle);\n        DrawAndErase(triangle);\n        DrawAndErase(square);\n    }\n\n    static void DrawAndErase(Shape shape)\n    {\n        shape.Draw();\n        shape.Erase();\n        Console.WriteLine();\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Shape<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">virtual<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Draw<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Drawing a generic shape.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">virtual<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Erase<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Erasing a generic shape.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Circle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> : <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Shape<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">override<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Draw<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Drawing a circle.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">override<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Erase<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Erasing a circle.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> : <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Shape<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">override<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Draw<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Drawing a triangle.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">override<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Erase<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Erasing a triangle.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Square<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> : <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Shape<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">override<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Draw<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Drawing a square.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">override<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Erase<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Erasing a square.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Program<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Create instances of the derived classes<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Shape<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">circle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Circle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Shape<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Shape<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">square<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Square<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Demonstrate polymorphism through the Draw and Erase methods<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Demonstrating polymorphism:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">DrawAndErase<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(circle);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">DrawAndErase<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(triangle);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">DrawAndErase<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(square);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">DrawAndErase<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Shape<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">shape<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        shape.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Draw<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        shape.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Erase<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The C# program titled &#8220;Shape&#8221; demonstrates the concept of polymorphism using a hierarchy of shape classes. The program defines a base class <code>Shape<\/code> and three derived classes <code>Circle<\/code>, <code>Triangle<\/code>, and <code>Square<\/code>. Through polymorphism, it showcases how the same methods, <code>Draw<\/code> and <code>Erase<\/code>, can exhibit different behaviors when invoked on objects of the derived classes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The <code>Shape<\/code> class serves as the base class, containing virtual methods <code>Draw<\/code> and <code>Erase<\/code> that provide generic implementations. Each derived class inherits from the base class and overrides the <code>Draw<\/code> and <code>Erase<\/code> methods with specific implementations for circles, triangles, and squares.  The program creates instances of the derived classes (Circle, Triangle, Square) and assigns them to variables of the base class (Shape). This demonstrates polymorphism, where objects of derived classes can be treated as objects of the base class. The DrawAndErase method is designed to accept a Shape parameter and invokes the Draw and Erase methods on that object. This showcases polymorphic behavior, where the appropriate method for the actual type of the object is called.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Commands<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"#Creating Project\n$ dotnet new console -n PolymorphismDemo\n\nNow go to the newly created directory using cd command\nCopy the above program into Program.cs\n\n#Compiling\n$ dotnet build -o out PolymorphismDemo.csproj \n\n#Execution\n$ .\/out\/PolymorphismDemo\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Creating Project<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">console<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-n<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">PolymorphismDemo<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Now<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">go<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">newly<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">created<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">directory<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">cd<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">command<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Copy<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">above<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">program<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">into<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Program.cs<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Compiling<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">build<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-o<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">PolymorphismDemo.csproj<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Execution<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/PolymorphismDemo<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ .\/out\/PolymorphismDemo \nDemonstrating polymorphism:\nDrawing a circle.\nErasing a circle.\n\nDrawing a triangle.\nErasing a triangle.\n\nDrawing a square.\nErasing a square.\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/PolymorphismDemo<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Demonstrating<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">polymorphism:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Drawing<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">circle.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Erasing<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">circle.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Drawing<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">triangle.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Erasing<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">triangle.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Drawing<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">square.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Erasing<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">square.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P11\">Program 11 : Abstract Class Demo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Develop a C# program to create an abstract class Shape with abstract methods calculateArea() and calculatePerimeter(). Create subclasses Circle and Triangle that extend the Shape class and implement the respective methods to calculate the area and perimeter of each shape.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P11A\">C# Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"using System;\n\nabstract class Shape\n{\n    public abstract double CalculateArea();\n    public abstract double CalculatePerimeter();\n}\n\nclass Circle : Shape\n{\n    private double radius;\n\n    public Circle(double radius)\n    {\n        this.radius = radius;\n    }\n\n    public override double CalculateArea()\n    {\n        return Math.PI * radius * radius;\n    }\n\n    public override double CalculatePerimeter()\n    {\n        return 2 * Math.PI * radius;\n    }\n}\n\nclass Triangle : Shape\n{\n    private double side1, side2, side3;\n\n    public Triangle(double side1, double side2, double side3)\n    {\n        this.side1 = side1;\n        this.side2 = side2;\n        this.side3 = side3;\n    }\n\n    public override double CalculateArea()\n    {\n        \/\/ Using Heron's formula to calculate the area of a triangle\n        double s = (side1 + side2 + side3) \/ 2;\n        return Math.Sqrt(s * (s - side1) * (s - side2) * (s - side3));\n    }\n\n    public override double CalculatePerimeter()\n    {\n        return side1 + side2 + side3;\n    }\n}\n\nclass Program\n{\n    static void Main()\n    {\n        \/\/ Input for Circle\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter the radius of the circle:&quot;);\n        double circleRadius = Convert.ToDouble(Console.ReadLine());\n        Circle circle = new Circle(circleRadius);\n\n        \/\/ Input for Triangle\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter the side lengths of the triangle (separated by spaces):&quot;);\n        string[] triangleSides = Console.ReadLine().Split(' ');\n        double side1 = Convert.ToDouble(triangleSides[0]);\n        double side2 = Convert.ToDouble(triangleSides[1]);\n        double side3 = Convert.ToDouble(triangleSides[2]);\n        Triangle triangle = new Triangle(side1, side2, side3);\n\n        \/\/ Calculate and display the area and perimeter of each shape\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;\\nCircle - Area: &quot; + circle.CalculateArea() + &quot;, Perimeter: &quot; + circle.CalculatePerimeter());\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Triangle - Area: &quot; + triangle.CalculateArea() + &quot;, Perimeter: &quot; + triangle.CalculatePerimeter());\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">abstract<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Shape<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">abstract<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">CalculateArea<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">abstract<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">CalculatePerimeter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Circle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> : <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Shape<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">radius<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Circle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">radius<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.radius <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> radius;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">override<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">CalculateArea<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Math.PI <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> radius <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> radius;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">override<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">CalculatePerimeter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Math.PI <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> radius;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> : <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Shape<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">side1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">side2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">side3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">side1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">side2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">side3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.side1 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side1;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.side2 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side2;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.side3 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side3;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">override<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">CalculateArea<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Using Heron&#39;s formula to calculate the area of a triangle<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">s<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (side1 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side2 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side3) <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Math.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Sqrt<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(s <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (s <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side1) <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (s <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side2) <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (s <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side3));<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">override<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">CalculatePerimeter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side1 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side2 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side3;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Program<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Input for Circle<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Enter the radius of the circle:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">circleRadius<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Convert.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ToDouble<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ReadLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Circle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">circle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Circle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(circleRadius);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Input for Triangle<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Enter the side lengths of the triangle (separated by spaces):&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">string<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[] <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">triangleSides<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ReadLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">().<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Split<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&#39; &#39;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">side1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Convert.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ToDouble<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(triangleSides[<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">]);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">side2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Convert.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ToDouble<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(triangleSides[<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">]);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">side3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Convert.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ToDouble<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(triangleSides[<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">]);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(side1, side2, side3);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Calculate and display the area and perimeter of each shape<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">\\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Circle - Area: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> circle.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">CalculateArea<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;, Perimeter: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> circle.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">CalculatePerimeter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Triangle - Area: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> triangle.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">CalculateArea<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;, Perimeter: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> triangle.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">CalculatePerimeter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The C# program titled &#8220;ShapeCalculation&#8221; demonstrates the use of abstract classes and inheritance to model shapes (specifically, circles and triangles) with methods to calculate their areas and perimeters. Users can input parameters for a circle (radius) and a triangle (side lengths), and the program calculates and displays the respective area and perimeter for each shape.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The program defines an abstract class <code>Shape<\/code> with abstract methods <code>CalculateArea<\/code> and <code>CalculatePerimeter<\/code>. This allows for the creation of specific shape classes that implement these methods according to their individual formulas. Two derived classes, Circle and Triangle, inherit from the abstract class Shape. Each derived class provides concrete implementations for the abstract methods to calculate the area and perimeter based on the properties of circles and triangles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">This C# program demonstrates the principles of abstraction, inheritance, and polymorphism in object-oriented programming. It emphasizes the use of an abstract base class to define a common interface for different shapes, and derived classes implement specific behaviors. The program showcases the modularity and extensibility achieved through abstraction and inheritance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Commands<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"#Creating Project\n$ dotnet new console -n AbstractClassDemo\n\nNow go to the newly created directory using cd command\nCopy the above program into Program.cs\n\n#Compiling\n$ dotnet build -o out AbstractClassDemo.csproj \n\n#Execution\n$ .\/out\/AbstractClassDemo\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Creating Project<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">console<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-n<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">AbstractClassDemo<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Now<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">go<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">newly<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">created<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">directory<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">cd<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">command<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Copy<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">above<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">program<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">into<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Program.cs<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Compiling<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">build<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-o<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">AbstractClassDemo.csproj<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Execution<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/AbstractClassDemo<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ .\/out\/AbstractClassDemo \nEnter the radius of the circle:\n5\nEnter the side lengths of the triangle (separated by spaces):\n3 4 5\n\nCircle - Area: 78.53981633974483, Perimeter: 31.41592653589793\nTriangle - Area: 6, Perimeter: 12\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/AbstractClassDemo<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">radius<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">circle:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">5<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">side<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">lengths<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (separated <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">by<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">spaces<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">):<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Circle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Area:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">78.53981633974483<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Perimeter:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">31.41592653589793<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Area:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">6<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Perimeter:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">12<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P12\">Program 12 : Interface Demo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Develop a C# program to create an interface Resizable with methods resizeWidth(int width) and resizeHeight(int height) that allow an object to be resized. Create a class Rectangle that implements the Resizable interface and implements the resize methods.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C# Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"using System;\n\n\/\/ Define the Resizable interface\ninterface Resizable\n{\n    void ResizeWidth(int width);\n    void ResizeHeight(int height);\n}\n\n\/\/ Implement the Resizable interface in the Rectangle class\nclass Rectangle : Resizable\n{\n    private int width;\n    private int height;\n\n    public Rectangle(int width, int height)\n    {\n        this.width = width;\n        this.height = height;\n    }\n\n    public void Display()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine($&quot;Rectangle - Width: {width}, Height: {height}&quot;);\n    }\n\n    public void ResizeWidth(int newWidth)\n    {\n        width = newWidth;\n        Console.WriteLine($&quot;Resized width to {newWidth}&quot;);\n    }\n\n    public void ResizeHeight(int newHeight)\n    {\n        height = newHeight;\n        Console.WriteLine($&quot;Resized height to {newHeight}&quot;);\n    }\n}\n\nclass Program\n{\n    static void Main()\n    {\n        \/\/ Input for initial values\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter the initial width of the rectangle:&quot;);\n        int initialWidth = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());\n\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter the initial height of the rectangle:&quot;);\n        int initialHeight = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());\n\n        \/\/ Create an instance of Rectangle\n        Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle(initialWidth, initialHeight);\n\n        \/\/ Display the original size of the rectangle\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;\\nOriginal Size:&quot;);\n        rectangle.Display();\n\n        \/\/ Input for resized values\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;\\nEnter the new width for resizing:&quot;);\n        int newWidth = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());\n        rectangle.ResizeWidth(newWidth);\n\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;Enter the new height for resizing:&quot;);\n        int newHeight = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());\n        rectangle.ResizeHeight(newHeight);\n\n        \/\/ Display the updated size of the rectangle\n        Console.WriteLine(&quot;\\nUpdated Size:&quot;);\n        rectangle.Display();\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">System<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Define the Resizable interface<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">interface<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Resizable<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ResizeWidth<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">width<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ResizeHeight<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">height<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Implement the Resizable interface in the Rectangle class<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Rectangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> : <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Resizable<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">width<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">height<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Rectangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">width<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">height<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.width <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> width;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.height <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> height;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">$&quot;Rectangle - Width: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">width<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">}, Height: {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">height<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">}&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ResizeWidth<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">newWidth<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        width <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> newWidth;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">$&quot;Resized width to {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">newWidth<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">}&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ResizeHeight<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">newHeight<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        height <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> newHeight;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">$&quot;Resized height to {<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">newHeight<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">}&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Program<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">{<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Input for initial values<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Enter the initial width of the rectangle:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">initialWidth<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Convert.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ToInt32<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ReadLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Enter the initial height of the rectangle:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">initialHeight<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Convert.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ToInt32<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ReadLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Create an instance of Rectangle<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Rectangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">rectangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Rectangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(initialWidth, initialHeight);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Display the original size of the rectangle<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">\\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Original Size:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        rectangle.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Input for resized values<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">\\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Enter the new width for resizing:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">newWidth<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Convert.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ToInt32<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ReadLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        rectangle.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ResizeWidth<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(newWidth);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Enter the new height for resizing:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">newHeight<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Convert.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ToInt32<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ReadLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        rectangle.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ResizeHeight<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(newHeight);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">        \/\/ Display the updated size of the rectangle<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Console.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">WriteLine<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">\\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Updated Size:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        rectangle.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The C# program titled &#8220;ResizableRectangle&#8221; demonstrates the use of interfaces to implement a <code>Resizable<\/code> interface in a <code>Rectangle<\/code> class. The program allows users to create a rectangle with initial width and height values, resize its width and height interactively, and displays the updated size after each resizing operation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">The program defines a <code>Resizable<\/code> interface with methods <code>ResizeWidth<\/code> and <code>ResizeHeight<\/code>. This interface enforces the ability to resize the width and height of objects that implement it. The <code>Rectangle<\/code> class implements the <code>Resizable<\/code> interface, providing concrete implementations for resizing the width and height. The <code>Rectangle<\/code> class also has a <code>Display<\/code> method to showcase the current width and height of the rectangle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\">This C# program illustrates the use of interfaces for defining a common set of behaviors (<code>ResizeWidth<\/code> and <code>ResizeHeight<\/code>) that can be implemented by different classes. The <code>Rectangle<\/code> class, implementing the <code>Resizable<\/code> interface, showcases how objects can adhere to a specific contract, providing flexibility for future enhancements or variations in behavior. The interactive nature of resizing highlights the dynamic capabilities achieved through interface implementation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Commands<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"#Creating Project\n$ dotnet new console -n InterfaceDemo\n\nNow go to the newly created directory using cd command\nCopy the above program into Program.cs\n\n#Compiling\n$ dotnet build -o out InterfaceDemo.csproj \n\n#Execution\n$ .\/out\/InterfaceDemo\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Creating Project<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">console<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-n<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">InterfaceDemo<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Now<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">go<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">newly<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">created<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">directory<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">using<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">cd<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">command<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Copy<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">above<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">program<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">into<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Program.cs<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Compiling<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">dotnet<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">build<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">-o<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">out<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">InterfaceDemo.csproj<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">#Execution<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/InterfaceDemo<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ .\/out\/InterfaceDemo \nEnter the initial width of the rectangle:\n4\nEnter the initial height of the rectangle:\n8\n\nOriginal Size:\nRectangle - Width: 4, Height: 8\n\nEnter the new width for resizing:\n3\nResized width to 3\nEnter the new height for resizing:\n6\nResized height to 6\n\nUpdated Size:\nRectangle - Width: 3, Height: 6\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.\/out\/InterfaceDemo<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">initial<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">width<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">rectangle:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">initial<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">height<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">rectangle:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">8<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Original<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Size:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Rectangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Width:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Height:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">8<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">width<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">resizing:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Resized<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">width<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">height<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">resizing:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">6<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Resized<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">height<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">6<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Updated<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Size:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Rectangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Width:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Height:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">6<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>If you are also looking for other Lab Manuals, head over to my following blog :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-myblogosphere wp-block-embed-myblogosphere\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"Vj82ykDBbK\"><a href=\"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/vtu-lab-manuals-using-foss\/\">VTU Lab Manuals using FOSS<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content lazyload\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;VTU Lab Manuals using FOSS&#8221; &#8212; MyBlogosphere\" data-src=\"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/vtu-lab-manuals-using-foss\/embed\/#?secret=ktu7TseuOt#?secret=Vj82ykDBbK\" data-secret=\"Vj82ykDBbK\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-load-mode=\"1\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this blog post, you will find solutions for the laboratory subject C# Programming Lab (21CSL582\/ 21CBL584) course work for the V semester of VTU university. The solutions to the lab component are coded in C#. Along with the C# programs for each question I have provided samples of program output as well. To setup [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-container-style":"default","site-container-layout":"default","site-sidebar-layout":"default","disable-article-header":"default","disable-site-header":"default","disable-site-footer":"default","disable-content-area-spacing":"default","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[3],"tags":[181,180,171,182,133,78,26,119,35,131,43],"class_list":["post-1616","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-programming","tag-21cbl584","tag-21csl582","tag-c-3","tag-c-programming-lab","tag-cs","tag-cse","tag-foss","tag-iii-semester","tag-lab-manual","tag-new-syllabus","tag-vtu"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1616","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1616"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1616\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2297,"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1616\/revisions\/2297"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1616"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1616"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1616"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}