{"id":1309,"date":"2023-11-18T11:12:51","date_gmt":"2023-11-18T05:42:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/?p=1309"},"modified":"2024-05-13T23:36:21","modified_gmt":"2024-05-13T18:06:21","slug":"object-oriented-programming-with-java-bcsl306a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/object-oriented-programming-with-java-bcsl306a\/","title":{"rendered":"Object Oriented Programming with JAVA &#8211; BCSL306A"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>In this blog post, you will find solutions for the laboratory subject <strong>Object Oriented Programming with JAVA (BCSL306A)<\/strong> course work for the III semester of <strong>VTU<\/strong> university. The solutions to the lab component are coded in <strong>Java<\/strong>.   Along with the Java programs for each question I have provided samples of program output as well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You can find the lab syllabus here.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/BCS306A.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"Embed of BCS306A.\"><\/object><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-45fc212c-c899-4e4b-af30-39dd708d5a7c\" href=\"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/BCS306A.pdf\">BCS306A<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/BCS306A.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-45fc212c-c899-4e4b-af30-39dd708d5a7c\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Now lets focus on the solutions. Click on the appropriate hyperlink to go to your program of choice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#P01\" title=\"\">Matrix Addition<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P02\" title=\"String Operations\">Stack Operations<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P03\" title=\"Stack of Integers \">Employee<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P04\" title=\"Infix to Postfix Conversion \">2D Point Class<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P05\" title=\"Stack Applications\">Inheritance &#8211; Shape Class<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P05B\" title=\"Tower of Hanoi problem\">Abstract Class<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P06\" title=\"Circular Queue\">Resizable interface<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P07\" title=\"Singly Linked List of Student Data\">Outer class<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P08\" title=\"Doubly Linked List of Employee Data\">Custom Exception<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P09\" title=\"Polynomial Evaluation and Addition\">Packages<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P10\" title=\"Binary Search Tree\">Runnable Interface<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#P11\" title=\"Graph Reachability using DFS\/BFS\">Thread Class<\/a> <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" id=\"block-bffdd463-a690-4f79-8ec7-f3c9726330ae\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/CodingAd.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"535\" data-src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/CodingAd.png?resize=1024%2C535&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1286 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/CodingAd.png?resize=1024%2C535&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/CodingAd.png?resize=300%2C157&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/CodingAd.png?resize=768%2C401&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/CodingAd.png?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/535;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P01\">Program 01 : Matrix Addition<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Develop a JAVA program to add TWO matrices of suitable order N (The value of N should be read from command line arguments).<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Java Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"public class MatrixAddition {\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        \/\/ Check if the number of command line arguments is correct\n        if (args.length != 1) {\n            System.out.println(&quot;Usage: java MatrixAddition &lt;order_N&gt;&quot;);\n            return;\n        }\n\n        \/\/ Parse the command line argument to get the order N\n        int N = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);\n\n        \/\/ Check if N is a positive integer\n        if (N &lt;= 0) {\n            System.out.println(&quot;Please provide a valid positive integer for the order N.&quot;);\n            return;\n        }\n\n        \/\/ Create two matrices of order N\n        int[][] matrix1 = new int[N][N];\n        int[][] matrix2 = new int[N][N];\n\n        \/\/ Fill the matrices with some sample values (you can modify this as needed)\n        fillMatrix(matrix1, 1);\n        fillMatrix(matrix2, 2);\n\n        \/\/ Print the matrices\n        System.out.println(&quot;Matrix 1:&quot;);\n        printMatrix(matrix1);\n\n        System.out.println(&quot;\\nMatrix 2:&quot;);\n        printMatrix(matrix2);\n\n        \/\/ Add the matrices\n        int[][] resultMatrix = addMatrices(matrix1, matrix2);\n\n        \/\/ Print the result matrix\n        System.out.println(&quot;\\nResultant Matrix (Matrix1 + Matrix2):&quot;);\n        printMatrix(resultMatrix);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Helper method to fill a matrix with sequential values\n    private static void fillMatrix(int[][] matrix, int startValue) {\n        int value = startValue;\n        for (int i = 0; i &lt; matrix.length; i++) {\n            for (int j = 0; j &lt; matrix[i].length; j++) {\n                matrix[i][j] = value++;\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Helper method to add two matrices\n    private static int[][] addMatrices(int[][] matrix1, int[][] matrix2) {\n        int N = matrix1.length;\n        int[][] resultMatrix = new int[N][N];\n\n        for (int i = 0; i &lt; N; i++) {\n            for (int j = 0; j &lt; N; j++) {\n                resultMatrix[i][j] = matrix1[i][j] + matrix2[i][j];\n            }\n        }\n\n        return resultMatrix;\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Helper method to print a matrix\n    private static void printMatrix(int[][] matrix) {\n        for (int[] row : matrix) {\n            for (int value : row) {\n                System.out.print(value + &quot;\\t&quot;);\n            }\n            System.out.println();\n        }\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">MatrixAddition<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[] <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Check if the number of command line arguments is correct<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (args.length <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">!=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Usage: java MatrixAddition &lt;order_N&gt;&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Parse the command line argument to get the order N<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> N <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Integer.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">parseInt<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(args[<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">]);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Check if N is a positive integer<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (N <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&lt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Please provide a valid positive integer for the order N.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Create two matrices of order N<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[][] matrix1 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[N][N];<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[][] matrix2 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[N][N];<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Fill the matrices with some sample values (you can modify this as needed)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">fillMatrix<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(matrix1, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">fillMatrix<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(matrix2, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Print the matrices<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Matrix 1:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">printMatrix<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(matrix1);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">\\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Matrix 2:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">printMatrix<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(matrix2);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Add the matrices<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[][] resultMatrix <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">addMatrices<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(matrix1, matrix2);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Print the result matrix<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">\\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Resultant Matrix (Matrix1 + Matrix2):&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">printMatrix<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(resultMatrix);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Helper method to fill a matrix with sequential values<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">fillMatrix<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[][] <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">matrix<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">startValue<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> value <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> startValue;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> i <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; i <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> matrix.length; i<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> j <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; j <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> matrix[i].length; j<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                matrix[i][j] <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> value<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Helper method to add two matrices<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[][] <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">addMatrices<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[][] <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">matrix1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[][] <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">matrix2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> N <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> matrix1.length;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[][] resultMatrix <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[N][N];<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> i <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; i <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> N; i<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> j <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; j <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> N; j<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                resultMatrix[i][j] <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> matrix1[i][j] <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> matrix2[i][j];<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> resultMatrix;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Helper method to print a matrix<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">printMatrix<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[][] <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">matrix<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[] row <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> matrix) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> value <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> row) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(value <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">\\t<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>In this example, the matrices are filled with sequential values for simplicity, but you can modify the <code>fillMatrix<\/code> method to fill the matrices with any values you prefer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ java MatrixAddition 3\nMatrix 1:\n1\t2\t3\t\n4\t5\t6\t\n7\t8\t9\t\n\nMatrix 2:\n2\t3\t4\t\n5\t6\t7\t\n8\t9\t10\t\n\nResultant Matrix (Matrix1 + Matrix2):\n3  5  7\t\n9  11\t13\t\n15 17\t19\t\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">java<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">MatrixAddition<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Matrix<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">6<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">7<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">8<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">9<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Matrix<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">6<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">7<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">8<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">9<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Resultant<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Matrix<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (Matrix1 <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Matrix2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">):<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">7<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">9<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">11<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">13<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">15<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">17<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">19<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">\t<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P02\">Program 02 : Stack Operations<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>Develop a stack class to hold a maximum of 10 integers with suitable methods. Develop a JAVA main method to illustrate Stack operations.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Java Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"import java.util.Scanner;\n\npublic class Stack {\n    private static final int MAX_SIZE = 10;\n    private int[] stackArray;\n    private int top;\n\n    public Stack() {\n        stackArray = new int[MAX_SIZE];\n        top = -1;\n    }\n\n    public void push(int value) {\n        if (top &lt; MAX_SIZE - 1) {\n            stackArray[++top] = value;\n            System.out.println(&quot;Pushed: &quot; + value);\n        } else {\n            System.out.println(&quot;Stack Overflow! Cannot push &quot; + value + &quot;.&quot;);\n        }\n    }\n\n    public int pop() {\n        if (top &gt;= 0) {\n            int poppedValue = stackArray[top--];\n            System.out.println(&quot;Popped: &quot; + poppedValue);\n            return poppedValue;\n        } else {\n            System.out.println(&quot;Stack Underflow! Cannot pop from an empty stack.&quot;);\n            return -1; \/\/ Return a default value for simplicity\n        }\n    }\n\n    public int peek() {\n        if (top &gt;= 0) {\n            System.out.println(&quot;Peeked: &quot; + stackArray[top]);\n            return stackArray[top];\n        } else {\n            System.out.println(&quot;Stack is empty. Cannot peek.&quot;);\n            return -1; \/\/ Return a default value for simplicity\n        }\n    }\n\n    public void display() {\n        if (top &gt;= 0) {\n            System.out.print(&quot;Stack Contents: &quot;);\n            for (int i = 0; i &lt;= top; i++) {\n                System.out.print(stackArray[i] + &quot; &quot;);\n            }\n            System.out.println();\n        } else {\n            System.out.println(&quot;Stack is empty.&quot;);\n        }\n    }\n\n    public boolean isEmpty() {\n        return top == -1;\n    }\n\n    public boolean isFull() {\n        return top == MAX_SIZE - 1;\n    }\n\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        Stack stack = new Stack();\n        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);\n\n        int choice;\n\n        do {\n            System.out.println(&quot;\\nStack Menu:&quot;);\n            System.out.println(&quot;1. Push&quot;);\n            System.out.println(&quot;2. Pop&quot;);\n            System.out.println(&quot;3. Peek&quot;);\n            System.out.println(&quot;4. Display Stack Contents&quot;);\n            System.out.println(&quot;5. Check if the stack is empty&quot;);\n            System.out.println(&quot;6. Check if the stack is full&quot;);\n            System.out.println(&quot;0. Exit&quot;);\n\n            System.out.print(&quot;Enter your choice: &quot;);\n            choice = scanner.nextInt();\n\n            switch (choice) {\n                case 1:\n                    System.out.print(&quot;Enter the value to push: &quot;);\n                    int valueToPush = scanner.nextInt();\n                    stack.push(valueToPush);\n                    break;\n                case 2:\n                    stack.pop();\n                    break;\n                case 3:\n                    stack.peek();\n                    break;\n                case 4:\n                    stack.display();\n                    break;\n                case 5:\n                    System.out.println(&quot;Is the stack empty? &quot; + stack.isEmpty());\n                    break;\n                case 6:\n                    System.out.println(&quot;Is the stack full? &quot; + stack.isFull());\n                    break;\n                case 0:\n                    System.out.println(&quot;Exiting the program. Goodbye!&quot;);\n                    break;\n                default:\n                    System.out.println(&quot;Invalid choice. Please try again.&quot;);\n            }\n        } while (choice != 0);\n\n        scanner.close();\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> java.util.Scanner;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">final<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> MAX_SIZE <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[] stackArray;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> top;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        stackArray <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[MAX_SIZE];<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        top <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">push<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">value<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (top <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> MAX_SIZE <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            stackArray[<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">top] <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> value;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Pushed: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> value);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        } <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">else<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Stack Overflow! Cannot push &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> value <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">pop<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (top <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&gt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> poppedValue <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> stackArray[top<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">--<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">];<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Popped: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> poppedValue);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> poppedValue;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        } <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">else<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Stack Underflow! Cannot pop from an empty stack.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Return a default value for simplicity<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">peek<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (top <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&gt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Peeked: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> stackArray[top]);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> stackArray[top];<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        } <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">else<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Stack is empty. Cannot peek.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Return a default value for simplicity<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (top <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&gt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Stack Contents: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> i <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; i <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&lt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> top; i<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(stackArray[i] <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot; &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        } <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">else<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Stack is empty.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">boolean<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">isEmpty<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> top <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">boolean<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">isFull<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> top <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> MAX_SIZE <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[] <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Stack stack <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Scanner scanner <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Scanner<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(System.in);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> choice;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">do<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">\\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Stack Menu:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;1. Push&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;2. Pop&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;3. Peek&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;4. Display Stack Contents&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;5. Check if the stack is empty&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;6. Check if the stack is full&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;0. Exit&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Enter your choice: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            choice <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> scanner.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">nextInt<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">switch<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (choice) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">case<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Enter the value to push: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> valueToPush <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> scanner.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">nextInt<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    stack.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">push<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(valueToPush);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">break<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">case<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    stack.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">pop<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">break<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">case<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    stack.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">peek<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">break<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">case<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    stack.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">break<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">case<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Is the stack empty? &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> stack.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">isEmpty<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">break<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">case<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">6<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Is the stack full? &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> stack.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">isFull<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">break<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">case<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Exiting the program. Goodbye!&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">break<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">default:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                    System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Invalid choice. Please try again.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        } <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">while<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (choice <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">!=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        scanner.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">close<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ java Stack \n\nStack Menu:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Peek\n4. Display Stack Contents\n5. Check if the stack is empty\n6. Check if the stack is full\n0. Exit\nEnter your choice: 4\nStack is empty.\n\nStack Menu:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Peek\n4. Display Stack Contents\n5. Check if the stack is empty\n6. Check if the stack is full\n0. Exit\nEnter your choice: 5\nIs the stack empty? true\n\nStack Menu:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Peek\n4. Display Stack Contents\n5. Check if the stack is empty\n6. Check if the stack is full\n0. Exit\nEnter your choice: 6\nIs the stack full? false\n\nStack Menu:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Peek\n4. Display Stack Contents\n5. Check if the stack is empty\n6. Check if the stack is full\n0. Exit\nEnter your choice: 1\nEnter the value to push: 10\nPushed: 10\n\nStack Menu:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Peek\n4. Display Stack Contents\n5. Check if the stack is empty\n6. Check if the stack is full\n0. Exit\nEnter your choice: 1\nEnter the value to push: 20\nPushed: 20\n\nStack Menu:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Peek\n4. Display Stack Contents\n5. Check if the stack is empty\n6. Check if the stack is full\n0. Exit\nEnter your choice: 4\nStack Contents: 10 20 \n\nStack Menu:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Peek\n4. Display Stack Contents\n5. Check if the stack is empty\n6. Check if the stack is full\n0. Exit\nEnter your choice: 3\nPeeked: 20\n\nStack Menu:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Peek\n4. Display Stack Contents\n5. Check if the stack is empty\n6. Check if the stack is full\n0. Exit\nEnter your choice: 1\nEnter the value to push: 30\nPushed: 30\n\nStack Menu:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Peek\n4. Display Stack Contents\n5. Check if the stack is empty\n6. Check if the stack is full\n0. Exit\nEnter your choice: 4\nStack Contents: 10 20 30 \n\nStack Menu:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Peek\n4. Display Stack Contents\n5. Check if the stack is empty\n6. Check if the stack is full\n0. Exit\nEnter your choice: 2\nPopped: 30\n\nStack Menu:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Peek\n4. Display Stack Contents\n5. Check if the stack is empty\n6. Check if the stack is full\n0. Exit\nEnter your choice: 3\nPeeked: 20\n\nStack Menu:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Peek\n4. Display Stack Contents\n5. Check if the stack is empty\n6. Check if the stack is full\n0. Exit\nEnter your choice: 4\nStack Contents: 10 20 \n\nStack Menu:\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Peek\n4. Display Stack Contents\n5. Check if the stack is empty\n6. Check if the stack is full\n0. Exit\nEnter your choice: 0\nExiting the program. Goodbye!\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">java<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Menu:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Peek<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Contents<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">5.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">empty<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">6.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">full<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">0.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">your<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">choice:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">empty.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Menu:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Peek<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Contents<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">5.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">empty<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">6.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">full<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">0.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">your<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">choice:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">empty?<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">true<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Menu:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Peek<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Contents<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">5.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">empty<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">6.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">full<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">0.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">your<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">choice:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">6<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">full?<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">false<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Menu:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Peek<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Contents<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">5.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">empty<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">6.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">full<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">0.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">your<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">choice:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">value<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">push:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Pushed:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Menu:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Peek<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Contents<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">5.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">empty<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">6.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">full<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">0.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">your<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">choice:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">value<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">push:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">20<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Pushed:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">20<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Menu:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Peek<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Contents<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">5.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">empty<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">6.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">full<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">0.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">your<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">choice:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Contents:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">20<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Menu:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Peek<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Contents<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">5.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">empty<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">6.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">full<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">0.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">your<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">choice:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Peeked:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">20<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Menu:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Peek<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Contents<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">5.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">empty<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">6.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">full<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">0.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">your<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">choice:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">value<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">push:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">30<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Pushed:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">30<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Menu:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Peek<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Contents<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">5.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">empty<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">6.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">full<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">0.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">your<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">choice:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Contents:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">20<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">30<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Menu:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Peek<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Contents<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">5.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">empty<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">6.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">full<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">0.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">your<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">choice:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Popped:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">30<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Menu:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Peek<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Contents<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">5.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">empty<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">6.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">full<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">0.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">your<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">choice:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Peeked:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">20<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Menu:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Peek<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Contents<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">5.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">empty<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">6.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">full<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">0.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">your<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">choice:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Contents:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">20<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Menu:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Push<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Pop<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Peek<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Contents<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">5.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">empty<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">6.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Check<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">stack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">full<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">0.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Exit<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Enter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">your<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">choice:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Exiting<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">the<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">program.<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Goodbye!<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P03\">Program 03 : Employee Class<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A class called Employee, which models an employee with an ID, name and salary, is designed as shown in the following class diagram. The method raiseSalary (percent) increases the salary by the given percentage. Develop the Employee class and suitable main method for demonstration.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Java Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"public class Employee {\n    private int id;\n    private String name;\n    private double salary;\n\n    public Employee(int id, String name, double salary) {\n        this.id = id;\n        this.name = name;\n        this.salary = salary;\n    }\n\n    public void raiseSalary(double percent) {\n        if (percent &gt; 0) {\n            double raiseAmount = salary * (percent \/ 100);\n            salary += raiseAmount;\n            System.out.println(name + &quot;'s salary raised by &quot; + percent + &quot;%. New salary: $&quot; + salary);\n        } else {\n            System.out.println(&quot;Invalid percentage. Salary remains unchanged.&quot;);\n        }\n    }\n\n    public String toString() {\n        return &quot;Employee ID: &quot; + id + &quot;, Name: &quot; + name + &quot;, Salary: $&quot; + salary;\n    }\n\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        \/\/ Creating an Employee object\n        Employee employee = new Employee(1, &quot;John Doe&quot;, 50000.0);\n\n        \/\/ Displaying employee details\n        System.out.println(&quot;Initial Employee Details:&quot;);\n        System.out.println(employee);\n\n        \/\/ Raising salary by 10%\n        employee.raiseSalary(10);\n\n        \/\/ Displaying updated employee details\n        System.out.println(&quot;\\nEmployee Details after Salary Raise:&quot;);\n        System.out.println(employee);\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Employee<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> id;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> String name;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> salary;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Employee<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">id<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, String <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">name<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">salary<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.id <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> id;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.name <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> name;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.salary <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> salary;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">raiseSalary<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">percent<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (percent <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> raiseAmount <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> salary <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (percent <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">100<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            salary <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> raiseAmount;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(name <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;&#39;s salary raised by &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> percent <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;%. New salary: $&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> salary);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        } <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">else<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Invalid percentage. Salary remains unchanged.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> String <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">toString<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Employee ID: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> id <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;, Name: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> name <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;, Salary: $&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> salary;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[] <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Creating an Employee object<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Employee employee <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Employee<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;John Doe&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">50000.0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Displaying employee details<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Initial Employee Details:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(employee);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Raising salary by 10%<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        employee.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">raiseSalary<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Displaying updated employee details<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">\\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Employee Details after Salary Raise:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(employee);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>In this example, the <code>Employee<\/code> class has a constructor to initialize the employee&#8217;s ID, name, and salary. The <code>raiseSalary<\/code> method takes a percentage as a parameter and raises the salary accordingly. The <code>toString<\/code> method is overridden to provide a meaningful string representation of the <code>Employee<\/code> object. The <code>main<\/code> method demonstrates the usage of the <code>Employee<\/code> class by creating an instance, displaying its details, raising the salary, and then displaying the updated details.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ java Employee \nInitial Employee Details:\nEmployee ID: 1, Name: John Doe, Salary: $50000.0\nJohn Doe's salary raised by 10.0%. New salary: $55000.0\n\nEmployee Details after Salary Raise:\nEmployee ID: 1, Name: John Doe, Salary: $55000.0\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">java<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Employee<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Initial<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Employee<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Details:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Employee<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">ID:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Name:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">John<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Doe,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Salary:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> $50000<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">.0<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">John<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Doe&#39;s salary raised by 10.0%. New salary: $55000.0<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Employee Details after Salary Raise:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Employee ID: 1, Name: John Doe, Salary: $55000.0<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P04\">Program 04 : 2D Point Class<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A class called MyPoint, which models a 2D point with x and y coordinates, is designed as follows:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Two instance variables x (int) and y (int).<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>A default (or &#8220;no-arg&#8221;) constructor that construct a point at the default location of (0, 0).<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>A overloaded constructor that constructs a point with the given x and y coordinates.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>A method setXY() to set both x and y.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>A method getXY() which returns the x and y in a 2-element int array.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>A toString() method that returns a string description of the instance in the format &#8220;(x, y)&#8221;.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>A method called distance(int x, int y) that returns the distance from this point to another point at the given (x, y) coordinates<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>An overloaded distance(MyPoint another) that returns the distance from this point to the given MyPoint instance (called another)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Another overloaded distance() method that returns the distance from this point to the origin (0,0) Develop the code for the class MyPoint. Also develop a JAVA program (called TestMyPoint) to test all the methods defined in the class.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Java Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">MyPoint.java<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"public class MyPoint {\n    private int x;\n    private int y;\n\n    \/\/ Default constructor\n    public MyPoint() {\n        this.x = 0;\n        this.y = 0;\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Overloaded constructor\n    public MyPoint(int x, int y) {\n        this.x = x;\n        this.y = y;\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Set both x and y\n    public void setXY(int x, int y) {\n        this.x = x;\n        this.y = y;\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Get x and y in a 2-element int array\n    public int[] getXY() {\n        return new int[]{x, y};\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Return a string description of the instance in the format &quot;(x, y)&quot;\n    public String toString() {\n        return &quot;(&quot; + x + &quot;, &quot; + y + &quot;)&quot;;\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Calculate distance from this point to another point at (x, y) coordinates\n    public double distance(int x, int y) {\n        int xDiff = this.x - x;\n        int yDiff = this.y - y;\n        return Math.sqrt(xDiff * xDiff + yDiff * yDiff);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Calculate distance from this point to another MyPoint instance (another)\n    public double distance(MyPoint another) {\n        return distance(another.x, another.y);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Calculate distance from this point to the origin (0,0)\n    public double distance() {\n        return distance(0, 0);\n    }\n}\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">MyPoint<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> x;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> y;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Default constructor<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">MyPoint<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.x <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.y <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Overloaded constructor<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">MyPoint<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">y<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.x <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> x;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.y <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> y;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Set both x and y<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">setXY<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">y<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.x <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> x;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.y <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> y;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Get x and y in a 2-element int array<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[] <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">getXY<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[]{x, y};<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Return a string description of the instance in the format &quot;(x, y)&quot;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> String <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">toString<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;(&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> x <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;, &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> y <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;)&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Calculate distance from this point to another point at (x, y) coordinates<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">distance<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">y<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> xDiff <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.x <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> x;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> yDiff <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.y <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> y;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Math.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">sqrt<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(xDiff <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> xDiff <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> yDiff <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> yDiff);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Calculate distance from this point to another MyPoint instance (another)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">distance<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(MyPoint <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">another<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">distance<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(another.x, another.y);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Calculate distance from this point to the origin (0,0)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">distance<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">distance<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">TestMyPoint.java<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"\npublic class TestMyPoint {\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        \/\/ Creating MyPoint objects using different constructors\n        MyPoint point1 = new MyPoint();\n        MyPoint point2 = new MyPoint(3, 4);\n\n        \/\/ Testing setXY and getXY methods\n        point1.setXY(1, 2);\n        System.out.println(&quot;Point1 coordinates after setXY: &quot; + point1.getXY()[0] + &quot;, &quot; + point1.getXY()[1]);\n\n        \/\/ Testing toString method\n        System.out.println(&quot;Point2 coordinates: &quot; + point2.toString());\n\n        \/\/ Testing distance methods\n        System.out.println(&quot;Distance from Point1 to Point2: &quot; + point1.distance(point2));\n        System.out.println(&quot;Distance from Point2 to Origin: &quot; + point2.distance());\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">TestMyPoint<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[] <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Creating MyPoint objects using different constructors<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        MyPoint point1 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">MyPoint<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        MyPoint point2 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">MyPoint<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Testing setXY and getXY methods<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        point1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">setXY<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Point1 coordinates after setXY: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> point1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">getXY<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()[<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">] <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;, &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> point1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">getXY<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">()[<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">]);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Testing toString method<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Point2 coordinates: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> point2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">toString<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Testing distance methods<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Distance from Point1 to Point2: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> point1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">distance<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(point2));<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Distance from Point2 to Origin: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> point2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">distance<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>This <code>TestMyPoint<\/code> program creates two <code>MyPoint<\/code> objects, sets and retrieves coordinates, and tests the various distance calculation methods. Feel free to modify and expand this code as needed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ java TestMyPoint \nPoint1 coordinates after setXY: 1, 2\nPoint2 coordinates: (3, 4)\nDistance from Point1 to Point2: 2.8284271247461903\nDistance from Point2 to Origin: 5.0\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">java<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">TestMyPoint<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Point1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">coordinates<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">after<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">setXY:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Point2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">coordinates:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (3, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Distance<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Point1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Point2:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2.8284271247461903<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Distance<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Point2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Origin:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5.0<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P05\">Program 05 : Inheritance &amp; Polymorphism &#8211; Shape Class<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Develop a JAVA program to create a class named shape. Create three sub classes namely: circle, triangle and square, each class has two member functions named draw () and erase (). Demonstrate polymorphism concepts by developing suitable methods, defining member data and main program.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P05A\">Java Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"class Shape {\n    protected String name;\n\n    public Shape(String name) {\n        this.name = name;\n    }\n\n    public void draw() {\n        System.out.println(&quot;Drawing a &quot; + name);\n    }\n\n    public void erase() {\n        System.out.println(&quot;Erasing a &quot; + name);\n    }\n}\n\nclass Circle extends Shape {\n    private double radius;\n\n    public Circle(String name, double radius) {\n        super(name);\n        this.radius = radius;\n    }\n\n    @Override\n    public void draw() {\n        System.out.println(&quot;Drawing a circle with radius &quot; + radius);\n    }\n\n    @Override\n    public void erase() {\n        System.out.println(&quot;Erasing a circle with radius &quot; + radius);\n    }\n}\n\nclass Triangle extends Shape {\n    private double base;\n    private double height;\n\n    public Triangle(String name, double base, double height) {\n        super(name);\n        this.base = base;\n        this.height = height;\n    }\n\n    @Override\n    public void draw() {\n        System.out.println(&quot;Drawing a triangle with base &quot; + base + &quot; and height &quot; + height);\n    }\n\n    @Override\n    public void erase() {\n        System.out.println(&quot;Erasing a triangle with base &quot; + base + &quot; and height &quot; + height);\n    }\n}\n\nclass Square extends Shape {\n    private double side;\n\n    public Square(String name, double side) {\n        super(name);\n        this.side = side;\n    }\n\n    @Override\n    public void draw() {\n        System.out.println(&quot;Drawing a square with side length &quot; + side);\n    }\n\n    @Override\n    public void erase() {\n        System.out.println(&quot;Erasing a square with side length &quot; + side);\n    }\n}\n\npublic class ShapeDemo {\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        Shape[] shapes = new Shape[3];\n\n        shapes[0] = new Circle(&quot;Circle&quot;, 5.0);\n        shapes[1] = new Triangle(&quot;Triangle&quot;, 4.0, 6.0);\n        shapes[2] = new Square(&quot;Square&quot;, 3.0);\n\n        for (Shape shape : shapes) {\n            shape.draw();\n            shape.erase();\n            System.out.println();\n        }\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Shape<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">protected<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> String name;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Shape<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(String <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">name<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.name <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> name;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">draw<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Drawing a &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> name);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">erase<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Erasing a &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> name);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Circle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">extends<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Shape<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> radius;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Circle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(String <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">name<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">radius<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">super<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(name);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.radius <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> radius;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    @<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">Override<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">draw<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Drawing a circle with radius &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> radius);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    @<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">Override<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">erase<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Erasing a circle with radius &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> radius);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">extends<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Shape<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> base;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> height;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(String <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">name<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">base<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">height<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">super<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(name);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.base <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> base;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.height <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> height;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    @<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">Override<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">draw<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Drawing a triangle with base &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> base <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot; and height &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> height);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    @<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">Override<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">erase<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Erasing a triangle with base &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> base <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot; and height &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> height);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Square<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">extends<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Shape<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Square<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(String <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">name<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">side<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">super<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(name);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.side <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    @<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">Override<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">draw<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Drawing a square with side length &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    @<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">Override<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">erase<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Erasing a square with side length &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ShapeDemo<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[] <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">Shape<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[] shapes <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">Shape<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">];<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        shapes[<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">] <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Circle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Circle&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5.0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        shapes[<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">] <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Triangle&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4.0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">6.0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        shapes[<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">] <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Square<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Square&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3.0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (Shape shape <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> shapes) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            shape.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">draw<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            shape.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">erase<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>In this program, the <code>Shape<\/code> class is the superclass, and <code>Circle<\/code>, <code>Triangle<\/code>, and <code>Square<\/code> are its subclasses. The <code>draw()<\/code> and <code>erase()<\/code> methods are overridden in each subclass. The <code>main<\/code> method creates an array of <code>Shape<\/code> objects and initializes it with instances of the different subclasses. When iterating through the array and calling the <code>draw()<\/code> and <code>erase()<\/code> methods, polymorphism allows the appropriate overridden methods in each subclass to be executed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ java ShapeDemo \nDrawing a circle with radius 5.0\nErasing a circle with radius 5.0\n\nDrawing a triangle with base 4.0 and height 6.0\nErasing a triangle with base 4.0 and height 6.0\n\nDrawing a square with side length 3.0\nErasing a square with side length 3.0\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">java<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">ShapeDemo<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Drawing<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">circle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">with<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">radius<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5.0<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Erasing<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">circle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">with<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">radius<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5.0<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Drawing<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">with<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">base<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4.0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">and<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">height<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">6.0<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Erasing<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">with<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">base<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4.0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">and<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">height<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">6.0<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Drawing<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">square<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">with<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">side<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">length<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3.0<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Erasing<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">square<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">with<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">side<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">length<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3.0<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P06\">Program 06 : Abstract Class<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Develop a JAVA program to create an abstract class Shape with abstract methods calculateArea() and calculatePerimeter(). Create subclasses Circle and Triangle that extend the Shape class and implement the respective methods to calculate the area and perimeter of each shape.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Java Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"abstract class Shape {\n    abstract double calculateArea();\n    abstract double calculatePerimeter();\n}\n\nclass Circle extends Shape {\n    private double radius;\n\n    public Circle(double radius) {\n        this.radius = radius;\n    }\n\n    @Override\n    double calculateArea() {\n        return Math.PI * radius * radius;\n    }\n\n    @Override\n    double calculatePerimeter() {\n        return 2 * Math.PI * radius;\n    }\n}\n\nclass Triangle extends Shape {\n    private double side1;\n    private double side2;\n    private double side3;\n\n    public Triangle(double side1, double side2, double side3) {\n        this.side1 = side1;\n        this.side2 = side2;\n        this.side3 = side3;\n    }\n\n    @Override\n    double calculateArea() {\n        \/\/ Using Heron's formula to calculate the area of a triangle\n        double s = (side1 + side2 + side3) \/ 2;\n        return Math.sqrt(s * (s - side1) * (s - side2) * (s - side3));\n    }\n\n    @Override\n    double calculatePerimeter() {\n        return side1 + side2 + side3;\n    }\n}\n\npublic class ShapeDemo {\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        \/\/ Creating Circle and Triangle objects\n        Circle circle = new Circle(5.0);\n        Triangle triangle = new Triangle(3.0, 4.0, 5.0);\n\n        \/\/ Calculating and displaying area and perimeter\n        System.out.println(&quot;Circle Area: &quot; + circle.calculateArea());\n        System.out.println(&quot;Circle Perimeter: &quot; + circle.calculatePerimeter());\n\n        System.out.println(&quot;\\nTriangle Area: &quot; + triangle.calculateArea());\n        System.out.println(&quot;Triangle Perimeter: &quot; + triangle.calculatePerimeter());\n    }\n}\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">abstract<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Shape<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">abstract<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">calculateArea<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">abstract<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">calculatePerimeter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Circle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">extends<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Shape<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> radius;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Circle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">radius<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.radius <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> radius;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    @<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">Override<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">calculateArea<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Math.PI <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> radius <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> radius;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    @<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">Override<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">calculatePerimeter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Math.PI <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> radius;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">extends<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Shape<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side1;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side2;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side3;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">side1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">side2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">side3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.side1 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side1;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.side2 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side2;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.side3 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side3;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    @<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">Override<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">calculateArea<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Using Heron&#39;s formula to calculate the area of a triangle<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> s <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (side1 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side2 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side3) <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Math.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">sqrt<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(s <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (s <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side1) <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (s <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side2) <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (s <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">-<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side3));<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    @<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">Override<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">calculatePerimeter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side1 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side2 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> side3;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ShapeDemo<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[] <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Creating Circle and Triangle objects<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Circle circle <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Circle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5.0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Triangle triangle <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3.0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4.0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5.0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Calculating and displaying area and perimeter<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Circle Area: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> circle.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">calculateArea<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Circle Perimeter: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> circle.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">calculatePerimeter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">\\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Triangle Area: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> triangle.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">calculateArea<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Triangle Perimeter: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> triangle.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">calculatePerimeter<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>In this program, <code>Shape<\/code> is an abstract class with abstract methods <code>calculateArea()<\/code> and <code>calculatePerimeter()<\/code>. The <code>Circle<\/code> and <code>Triangle<\/code> classes extend <code>Shape<\/code> and provide their implementations for these abstract methods. The <code>ShapeDemo<\/code> class demonstrates creating objects of these shapes and calculating their areas and perimeters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ java ShapeDemo \nCircle Area: 78.53981633974483\nCircle Perimeter: 31.41592653589793\n\nTriangle Area: 6.0\nTriangle Perimeter: 12.0\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">java<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">ShapeDemo<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Circle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Area:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">78.53981633974483<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Circle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Perimeter:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">31.41592653589793<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Area:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">6.0<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Triangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Perimeter:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">12.0<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P07\">Program 07 : Resizable interface<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify\"><strong>Develop a JAVA program to create an interface Resizable with methods resizeWidth(int width) and resizeHeight(int height) that allow an object to be resized. Create a class Rectangle that implements the Resizable interface and implements the resize methods.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Java Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"\/\/ Resizable interface\ninterface Resizable {\n    void resizeWidth(int width);\n    void resizeHeight(int height);\n}\n\n\/\/ Rectangle class implementing Resizable interface\nclass Rectangle implements Resizable {\n    private int width;\n    private int height;\n\n    public Rectangle(int width, int height) {\n        this.width = width;\n        this.height = height;\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Implementation of Resizable interface\n    @Override\n    public void resizeWidth(int width) {\n        this.width = width;\n        System.out.println(&quot;Resized width to: &quot; + width);\n    }\n\n    @Override\n    public void resizeHeight(int height) {\n        this.height = height;\n        System.out.println(&quot;Resized height to: &quot; + height);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Additional methods for Rectangle class\n    public int getWidth() {\n        return width;\n    }\n\n    public int getHeight() {\n        return height;\n    }\n\n    public void displayInfo() {\n        System.out.println(&quot;Rectangle: Width = &quot; + width + &quot;, Height = &quot; + height);\n    }\n}\n\n\/\/ Main class to test the implementation\npublic class ResizeDemo {\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        \/\/ Creating a Rectangle object\n        Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle(10, 5);\n\n        \/\/ Displaying the original information\n        System.out.println(&quot;Original Rectangle Info:&quot;);\n        rectangle.displayInfo();\n\n        \/\/ Resizing the rectangle\n        rectangle.resizeWidth(15);\n        rectangle.resizeHeight(8);\n\n        \/\/ Displaying the updated information\n        System.out.println(&quot;\\nUpdated Rectangle Info:&quot;);\n        rectangle.displayInfo();\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Resizable interface<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">interface<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Resizable<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">resizeWidth<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">width<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">resizeHeight<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">height<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Rectangle class implementing Resizable interface<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Rectangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">implements<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Resizable<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> width;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> height;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Rectangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">width<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">height<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.width <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> width;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.height <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> height;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Implementation of Resizable interface<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    @<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">Override<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">resizeWidth<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">width<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.width <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> width;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Resized width to: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> width);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    @<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">Override<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">resizeHeight<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">height<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">this<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">.height <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> height;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Resized height to: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> height);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Additional methods for Rectangle class<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">getWidth<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> width;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">getHeight<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> height;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">displayInfo<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Rectangle: Width = &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> width <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;, Height = &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> height);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Main class to test the implementation<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ResizeDemo<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[] <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Creating a Rectangle object<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Rectangle rectangle <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Rectangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Displaying the original information<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Original Rectangle Info:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        rectangle.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">displayInfo<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Resizing the rectangle<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        rectangle.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">resizeWidth<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">15<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        rectangle.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">resizeHeight<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">8<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Displaying the updated information<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">\\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Updated Rectangle Info:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        rectangle.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">displayInfo<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>In this program, the <code>Resizable<\/code> interface declares the methods <code>resizeWidth<\/code> and <code>resizeHeight<\/code>. The <code>Rectangle<\/code> class implements this interface and provides the specific implementation for resizing the width and height. The <code>main<\/code> method in the <code>ResizeDemo<\/code> class creates a <code>Rectangle<\/code> object, displays its original information, resizes it, and then displays the updated information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ java ResizeDemo \nOriginal Rectangle Info:\nRectangle: Width = 10, Height = 5\nResized width to: 15\nResized height to: 8\n\nUpdated Rectangle Info:\nRectangle: Width = 15, Height = 8\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">java<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">ResizeDemo<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Original<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Rectangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Info:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Rectangle:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Width<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Height<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Resized<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">width<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">15<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Resized<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">height<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">to:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">8<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Updated<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Rectangle<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Info:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Rectangle:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Width<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">15<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Height<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">8<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P08\">Program 08 : Outer class<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Develop a JAVA program to create an outer class with a function display. Create another class inside the outer class named inner with a function called display and call the two functions in the main class.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Java Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"class Outer {\n    void display() {\n        System.out.println(&quot;Outer class display method&quot;);\n    }\n\n    class Inner {\n        void display() {\n            System.out.println(&quot;Inner class display method&quot;);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\npublic class OuterInnerDemo {\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        \/\/ Create an instance of the Outer class\n        Outer outer = new Outer();\n\n        \/\/ Call the display method of the Outer class\n        outer.display();\n\n        \/\/ Create an instance of the Inner class (nested inside Outer)\n        Outer.Inner inner = outer.new Inner();\n\n        \/\/ Call the display method of the Inner class\n        inner.display();\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Outer<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Outer class display method&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Inner<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Inner class display method&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">OuterInnerDemo<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[] <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Create an instance of the Outer class<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Outer outer <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Outer<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Call the display method of the Outer class<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        outer.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Create an instance of the Inner class (nested inside Outer)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Outer.Inner inner <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> outer.<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Inner<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Call the display method of the Inner class<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        inner.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>In this program, the <code>Outer<\/code> class has a method named <code>display<\/code>, and it also contains an inner class named <code>Inner<\/code> with its own <code>display<\/code> method. In the <code>main<\/code> method of the <code>OuterInnerDemo<\/code> class, an instance of the outer class (<code>Outer<\/code>) is created, and its <code>display<\/code> method is called. Then, an instance of the inner class (<code>Inner<\/code>) is created using the outer class instance, and its <code>display<\/code> method is called. This demonstrates the concept of nesting classes in Java.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ java OuterInnerDemo \nOuter class display method\nInner class display method\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">java<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">OuterInnerDemo<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Outer<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">method<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Inner<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">display<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">method<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P09\">Program 09 : Custom Exception<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Develop a JAVA program to raise a custom exception (user defined exception) for DivisionByZero using try, catch, throw and finally.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Java Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"\/\/ Custom exception class\nclass DivisionByZeroException extends Exception {\n    public DivisionByZeroException(String message) {\n        super(message);\n    }\n}\n\npublic class CustomExceptionDemo {\n    \/\/ Method to perform division and throw custom exception if denominator is zero\n    static double divide(int numerator, int denominator) throws DivisionByZeroException {\n        if (denominator == 0) {\n            throw new DivisionByZeroException(&quot;Cannot divide by zero!&quot;);\n        }\n        return (double) numerator \/ denominator;\n    }\n\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        int numerator = 10;\n        int denominator = 0;\n\n        try {\n            double result = divide(numerator, denominator);\n            System.out.println(&quot;Result of division: &quot; + result);\n        } catch (DivisionByZeroException e) {\n            System.out.println(&quot;Exception caught: &quot; + e.getMessage());\n        } finally {\n            System.out.println(&quot;Finally block executed&quot;);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Custom exception class<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">DivisionByZeroException<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">extends<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Exception<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">DivisionByZeroException<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(String <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">message<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">super<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(message);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">CustomExceptionDemo<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Method to perform division and throw custom exception if denominator is zero<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">divide<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">numerator<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">denominator<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">throws<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> DivisionByZeroException {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (denominator <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">throw<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">DivisionByZeroException<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Cannot divide by zero!&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) numerator <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> denominator;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[] <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> numerator <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> denominator <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">try<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">double<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> result <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">divide<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(numerator, denominator);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Result of division: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> result);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        } <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">catch<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (DivisionByZeroException <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">e<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Exception caught: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> e.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">getMessage<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">());<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        } <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">finally<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Finally block executed&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>In this program:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <code>DivisionByZeroException<\/code> class is a custom exception that extends the <code>Exception<\/code> class.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <code>divide<\/code> method performs division and throws the custom exception if the denominator is zero.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the <code>main<\/code> method, we attempt to divide and catch the custom exception if it occurs. The <code>finally<\/code> block is used for code that must be executed, whether an exception is thrown or not.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>When you run this program with a denominator of 0, it will throw the <code>DivisionByZeroException<\/code>, catch it, print the error message, and then execute the <code>finally<\/code> block.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ java CustomExceptionDemo \nException caught: Cannot divide by zero!\nFinally block executed\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">java<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">CustomExceptionDemo<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Exception<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">caught:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Cannot<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">divide<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">by<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">zero!<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Finally<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">block<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">executed<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P10\">Program 10 : Packages<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Develop a JAVA program to create a package named mypack and import &amp; implement it in a suitable class.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Java Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Package mypack<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"\/\/ Inside a folder named 'mypack'\npackage mypack;\n\npublic class MyPackageClass {\n    public void displayMessage() {\n        System.out.println(&quot;Hello from MyPackageClass in mypack package!&quot;);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ New utility method\n    public static int addNumbers(int a, int b) {\n        return a + b;\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Inside a folder named &#39;mypack&#39;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">package<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> mypack;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">MyPackageClass<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">displayMessage<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Hello from MyPackageClass in mypack package!&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ New utility method<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">addNumbers<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">b<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> a <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> b;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, let&#8217;s create the main program in a different file outside the <code>mypack<\/code> folder:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PackageDemo class using mypack Package<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"\/\/ Main program outside the mypack folder\nimport mypack.MyPackageClass;\n\/\/import mypack.*;\n\n\npublic class PackageDemo {\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        \/\/ Creating an instance of MyPackageClass from the mypack package\n        MyPackageClass myPackageObject = new MyPackageClass();\n\n        \/\/ Calling the displayMessage method from MyPackageClass\n        myPackageObject.displayMessage();\n\n        \/\/ Using the utility method addNumbers from MyPackageClass\n        int result = MyPackageClass.addNumbers(5, 3);\n        System.out.println(&quot;Result of adding numbers: &quot; + result);\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Main program outside the mypack folder<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> mypack.MyPackageClass;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/import mypack.*;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">PackageDemo<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[] <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Creating an instance of MyPackageClass from the mypack package<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        MyPackageClass myPackageObject <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">MyPackageClass<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Calling the displayMessage method from MyPackageClass<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        myPackageObject.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">displayMessage<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Using the utility method addNumbers from MyPackageClass<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> result <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> MyPackageClass.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">addNumbers<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Result of adding numbers: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> result);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>To compile and run this program, you need to follow these steps:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Organize your directory structure as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"project-directory\/\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 mypack\/\n\u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 MyPackageClass.java\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 PackageDemo.java\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">project-directory\/<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">\u251c\u2500\u2500<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">mypack\/<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">\u2502<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">\u2514\u2500\u2500<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">MyPackageClass.java<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">\u2514\u2500\u2500<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">PackageDemo.java<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Compile the files:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"javac mypack\/MyPackageClass.java\njavac PackageDemo.java\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">javac<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">mypack\/MyPackageClass.java<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">javac<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">PackageDemo.java<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ java PackageDemo \nHello from MyPackageClass in mypack package!\nResult of adding numbers: 8\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">java<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">PackageDemo<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Hello<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">MyPackageClass<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">in<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">mypack<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">package!<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Result<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">of<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">adding<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">numbers:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">8<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P11\">Program 11 : Runnable Interface<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Write a program to illustrate creation of threads using runnable class. (start method start each of the newly created thread. Inside the run method there is sleep() for suspend the thread for 500 milliseconds).<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P11A\">Java Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"class MyRunnable implements Runnable {\n    private volatile boolean running = true;\n\n    @Override\n    @SuppressWarnings(&quot;deprecation&quot;)\n    public void run() {\n        while (running) {\n            try {\n                \/\/ Suppress deprecation warning for Thread.sleep()\n                Thread.sleep(500);\n                System.out.println(&quot;Thread ID: &quot; + Thread.currentThread().getId() + &quot; is running.&quot;);\n            } catch (InterruptedException e) {\n                System.out.println(&quot;Thread interrupted.&quot;);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    public void stopThread() {\n        running = false;\n    }\n}\n\n\npublic class RunnableThreadExample {\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        \/\/ Create five instances of MyRunnable\n        MyRunnable myRunnable1 = new MyRunnable();\n        MyRunnable myRunnable2 = new MyRunnable();\n        MyRunnable myRunnable3 = new MyRunnable();\n        MyRunnable myRunnable4 = new MyRunnable();\n        MyRunnable myRunnable5 = new MyRunnable();\n\n        \/\/ Create five threads and associate them with MyRunnable instances\n        Thread thread1 = new Thread(myRunnable1);\n        Thread thread2 = new Thread(myRunnable2);\n        Thread thread3 = new Thread(myRunnable3);\n        Thread thread4 = new Thread(myRunnable4);\n        Thread thread5 = new Thread(myRunnable5);\n\n        \/\/ Start the threads\n        thread1.start();\n        thread2.start();\n        thread3.start();\n        thread4.start();\n        thread5.start();\n\n        \/\/ Sleep for a while to allow the threads to run\n        try {\n            Thread.sleep(500);\n        } catch (InterruptedException e) {\n            e.printStackTrace();\n        }\n\n        \/\/ Stop the threads gracefully\n        myRunnable1.stopThread();\n        myRunnable2.stopThread();\n        myRunnable3.stopThread();\n        myRunnable4.stopThread();\n        myRunnable5.stopThread();\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">MyRunnable<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">implements<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Runnable<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">private<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">volatile<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">boolean<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> running <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">true<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    @<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">Override<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    @<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">SuppressWarnings<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;deprecation&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">run<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">while<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (running) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">try<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Suppress deprecation warning for Thread.sleep()<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                Thread.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">sleep<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">500<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Thread ID: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> Thread.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">currentThread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">().<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">getId<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot; is running.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            } <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">catch<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (InterruptedException <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">e<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Thread interrupted.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">stopThread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        running <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">false<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">RunnableThreadExample<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[] <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Create five instances of MyRunnable<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        MyRunnable myRunnable1 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">MyRunnable<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        MyRunnable myRunnable2 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">MyRunnable<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        MyRunnable myRunnable3 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">MyRunnable<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        MyRunnable myRunnable4 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">MyRunnable<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        MyRunnable myRunnable5 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">MyRunnable<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Create five threads and associate them with MyRunnable instances<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Thread thread1 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(myRunnable1);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Thread thread2 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(myRunnable2);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Thread thread3 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(myRunnable3);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Thread thread4 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(myRunnable4);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        Thread thread5 <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(myRunnable5);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Start the threads<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        thread1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">start<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        thread2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">start<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        thread3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">start<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        thread4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">start<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        thread5.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">start<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Sleep for a while to allow the threads to run<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">try<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            Thread.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">sleep<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">500<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        } <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">catch<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (InterruptedException <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">e<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            e.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">printStackTrace<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Stop the threads gracefully<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        myRunnable1.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">stopThread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        myRunnable2.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">stopThread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        myRunnable3.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">stopThread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        myRunnable4.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">stopThread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        myRunnable5.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">stopThread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">();<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>In this program, we define a <code>MyRunnable<\/code> class that implements the <code>Runnable<\/code> interface. The <code>run<\/code> method contains a loop where the thread sleeps for 500 milliseconds, printing its ID during each iteration. We also handle potential interruptions caused by thread operations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the <code>RunnableThreadExample<\/code> class, we create five instances of <code>MyRunnable<\/code>, each associated with a separate thread. The <code>start<\/code> method is called on each thread, initiating their concurrent execution. After a brief period of allowing the threads to run, we gracefully stop each thread using the <code>stopThread<\/code> method.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ java RunnableThreadExample\nThread ID: 24 is running.\nThread ID: 21 is running.\nThread ID: 20 is running.\nThread ID: 23 is running.\nThread ID: 22 is running.\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">java<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">RunnableThreadExample<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">ID:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">24<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">running.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">ID:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">21<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">running.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">ID:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">20<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">running.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">ID:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">23<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">running.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">ID:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">22<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">running.<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"P12\">Program 12 : Thread Class<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Develop a program to create a class MyThread in this class a constructor, call the base class constructor, using super and start the thread. The run method of the class starts after this. It can be observed that both main thread and created child thread are executed concurrently.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Java Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"class MyThread extends Thread {\n    \/\/ Constructor calling base class constructor using super\n    public MyThread(String name) {\n        super(name);\n        start(); \/\/ Start the thread in the constructor\n    }\n\n    \/\/ The run method that will be executed when the thread starts\n    @Override\n    public void run() {\n        for (int i = 1; i &lt;= 5; i++) {\n            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + &quot; Count: &quot; + i);\n            try {\n                Thread.sleep(500); \/\/ Sleep for 500 milliseconds\n            } catch (InterruptedException e) {\n                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + &quot; Thread interrupted.&quot;);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}\n\npublic class ThreadConcurrentExample {\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        \/\/ Create an instance of MyThread\n        MyThread myThread = new MyThread(&quot;Child Thread&quot;);\n\n        \/\/ Main thread\n        for (int i = 1; i &lt;= 5; i++) {\n            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + &quot; Thread Count: &quot; + i);\n            try {\n                Thread.sleep(500); \/\/ Sleep for 500 milliseconds\n            } catch (InterruptedException e) {\n                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + &quot; Thread interrupted.&quot;);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">MyThread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">extends<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Constructor calling base class constructor using super<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">MyThread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(String <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">name<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">super<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(name);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">start<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(); <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Start the thread in the constructor<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ The run method that will be executed when the thread starts<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    @<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">Override<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">run<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> i <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; i <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&lt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; i<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(Thread.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">currentThread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">().<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">getName<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot; Count: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> i);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">try<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                Thread.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">sleep<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">500<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">); <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Sleep for 500 milliseconds<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            } <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">catch<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (InterruptedException <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">e<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(Thread.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">currentThread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">().<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">getName<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot; Thread interrupted.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">ThreadConcurrentExample<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">public<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">static<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">void<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">String<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">[] <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">args<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Create an instance of MyThread<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        MyThread myThread <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">new<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">MyThread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot;Child Thread&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Main thread<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">for<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">int<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> i <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; i <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">&lt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">; i<\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">++<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(Thread.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">currentThread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">().<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">getName<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot; Thread Count: &quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> i);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">try<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                Thread.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">sleep<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">500<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">); <\/span><span style=\"color: #6A737D\">\/\/ Sleep for 500 milliseconds<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            } <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">catch<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> (InterruptedException <\/span><span style=\"color: #FFAB70\">e<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">) {<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">                System.out.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">println<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">(Thread.<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">currentThread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">().<\/span><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">getName<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">() <\/span><span style=\"color: #F97583\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">&quot; Thread interrupted.&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">);<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">            }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">        }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">    }<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>In this program:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <code>MyThread<\/code> class extends <code>Thread<\/code>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The constructor of <code>MyThread<\/code> calls the base class constructor using <code>super(name)<\/code> to set the thread&#8217;s name and starts the thread.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <code>run<\/code> method is overridden and contains a loop to print counts. The thread sleeps for 500 milliseconds in each iteration.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the <code>main<\/code> method, an instance of <code>MyThread<\/code> is created, which starts the child thread concurrently.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The main thread also prints counts and sleeps for 500 milliseconds in each iteration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>When you run this program, you&#8217;ll observe that both the main thread and the child thread are executed concurrently, and their outputs may be interleaved.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#24292e\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"$ java ThreadConcurrentExample \nmain Thread Count: 1\nChild Thread Count: 1\nmain Thread Count: 2\nChild Thread Count: 2\nmain Thread Count: 3\nChild Thread Count: 3\nmain Thread Count: 4\nChild Thread Count: 4\nmain Thread Count: 5\nChild Thread Count: 5\n\" style=\"color:#e1e4e8;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-dark\" style=\"background-color: #24292e\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">$<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">java<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">ThreadConcurrentExample<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Count:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Child<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Count:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">1<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Count:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Child<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Count:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">2<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Count:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Child<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Count:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Count:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Child<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Count:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">4<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">main<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Count:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #B392F0\">Child<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Thread<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #9ECBFF\">Count:<\/span><span style=\"color: #E1E4E8\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #79B8FF\">5<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>If you are also looking for other Lab Manuals, head over to my following blog :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-myblogosphere wp-block-embed-myblogosphere\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"oFugOuAgyj\"><a href=\"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/vtu-lab-manuals-using-foss\/\">VTU Lab Manuals using FOSS<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content lazyload\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;VTU Lab Manuals using FOSS&#8221; &#8212; MyBlogosphere\" data-src=\"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/vtu-lab-manuals-using-foss\/embed\/#?secret=SZO6h7UIKQ#?secret=oFugOuAgyj\" data-secret=\"oFugOuAgyj\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" data-load-mode=\"1\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this blog post, you will find solutions for the laboratory subject Object Oriented Programming with JAVA (BCSL306A) course work for the III semester of VTU university. The solutions to the lab component are coded in Java. Along with the Java programs for each question I have provided samples of program output as well. You [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":283,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-container-style":"default","site-container-layout":"default","site-sidebar-layout":"default","disable-article-header":"default","disable-site-header":"default","disable-site-footer":"default","disable-content-area-spacing":"default","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[3],"tags":[118,130,19,133,78,115,132,26,27,119,35,131,43],"class_list":["post-1309","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-programming","tag-3rd-semester","tag-bcsl305","tag-codeblocks","tag-cs","tag-cse","tag-data-structures-lab","tag-data-structures-laboratory","tag-foss","tag-gcc-compiler","tag-iii-semester","tag-lab-manual","tag-new-syllabus","tag-vtu"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/javalab.png?fit=624%2C256&ssl=1","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1309","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1309"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1309\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2298,"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1309\/revisions\/2298"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/283"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1309"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1309"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/moodle.sit.ac.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1309"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}